# CASCA evidence receipt — CVE-2023-28461

- Generation: `gen-409cbd0c74ff4feb70e4944e6b98ce40`
- As known: 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697275+00:00
- Comparison: gen-56ccdaf914f7b4be95b689ccae7dc20d
- Score policy: public-priority-v1.0.1
- Conflict: not observed in this generation

## Source assertions

- **CISA-ADP** (independent_enrichment): container — CISA ADP Vulnrichment
  - Observed: 2026-07-19T04:27:06.398189+00:00
  - Citation: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28461
- **CVE** (derivative_copy): container — CVE Program Container
  - Observed: 2026-07-19T04:27:06.398189+00:00
  - Citation: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28461
- **mitre** (original_assertion): container — Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."
  - Observed: 2026-07-19T04:27:06.398189+00:00
  - Citation: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28461
- **CISA KEV** (original_assertion): observed_exploitation — Array Networks AG and vxAG ArrayOS Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
  - Observed: 2026-07-19T04:54:04.25158+00:00
  - Citation: https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
- **FIRST EPSS** (original_assertion): model_probability — Probability 0.676450000000; percentile 0.992360000000
  - Observed: 2026-07-19T04:54:35.756809+00:00
  - Citation: https://www.first.org/epss/data_stats.html

## CVSS assessments

- **nvd@nist.gov** (Primary, CVSS 3.1): 9.8 — score eligible
  - Evidence class: nvd_enrichment_exact; source rank: 0
  - Validation: valid_match
  - Vector: `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`
- **134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0** (Secondary, CVSS 3.1): 9.8 — score eligible
  - Evidence class: registered_adp_or_other; source rank: 2
  - Validation: valid_match
  - Vector: `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`
- **CISA-ADP** (unknown, CVSS 3.1): 9.8 — display only
  - Evidence class: direct_cve_record_display_only; source rank: not applicable
  - Validation: display-only direct record assessment
  - Vector: `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Applicability scope

- **arraynetworks · arrayos_ag** (direct_source; unknown)
  - Versions: [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.4.0.481"}]
- **n/a · n/a** (direct_source; unknown)
  - Versions: [{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
- **arraynetworks · ag1000** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-3d463391d1439dd86b7ae332044b5a7e8ac2cfb349eef165371bb4be5f782daa`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1000t** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-386676890f44d55422a902c9d7f81f10ff6a01acb25b3f69fd13204ff95c6c35`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000t:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1000v5** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-1efca9e10a7e4fc12fb2dde6fd361846e628e6a8a66f22260dccf2e161771965`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1100v5** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-017742db201a8868461d9082105596f586bf00e83e4d29409cedc93a2b9f67e3`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1100v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1150** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-f8bc0994532071eb600944aeb9c261d41ef6d8bf5169f20259511750004ea720`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1150:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1200** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-183556674e511d8485928d94444663c696f0ce2e5a6a4daf16c0ce89bcc22e97`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1200v5** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-b1e5a1314f53eba9c9a711421a06eef3e8700ad4ba73258b4dbc847e9762e955`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1500** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-851781c59bb3eae0c0054b9164b9429a06c803581c3832afc2deb49892b54a33`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1500fips** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-403b4649c563c1a6f68f608d76ff18ff094760693dd75269829dbd1fcbae273c`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500fips:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1500v5** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-0f7e4bb92271a2df97fe3de31e873d3e1e2d2131c7ea28fe8ff0655c6f3e4f46`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1600** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-8b406c3bd864090076fb6509021f74563a49506da687f730ec8ae327b0a537fa`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1600:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · ag1600v5** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-8ac2cd1c0ac88bc5d8f25d0c53220fb5da29c8d8f920b87a156b1cf4bec35aed`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1600v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · arrayos_ag** (vulnerable_target; supported)
  - Versions: Any version (unconstrained) (<= 9.4.0.481)
  - Canonical identity: `product-b569ff9d65ae2baadfb68c93a9ccc380e36a7477d24341fcaa443a3bb1d8e371`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, vulnerable_target): `cpe:2.3:o:arraynetworks:arrayos_ag:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`
- **arraynetworks · vxag** (environmental_constraint; constrained)
  - Versions: Version not applicable
  - Canonical identity: `product-c967a21d7266c3eb43c688f768decf330f1579d9414fdd709b732de7501d3d2d`
  - Official link states: linked_exact
  - Criterion (linked_exact, environmental_constraint): `cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:vxag:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*`

## Identity source boundaries

- **cpe_dictionary**: 1775266 records through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809553+00:00
  - Run: `27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa`
- **cpe_match**: 643502 records through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697275+00:00
  - Run: `955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e`

## Limitations and unknowns

- KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
- EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
- Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
- NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
- Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
- NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
- Factor D remains unknown because WC-03 has not converted canonical CPE mappings into generation-bound mapping obligations; canonical identity alone does not score applicability.
- Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.

Generated from CASCA normalized evidence. This receipt is not proof that an asset is affected, unaffected, safe, or fixed.