CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2009-0238

Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1;

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Apr 14, 2026). NVD reports CVSS 2.0 9.3. EPSS estimates 43.1% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

81.4–82.4Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1; Excel Viewer 2003 Gold and SP3; Excel Viewer; Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1; and Excel in Microsoft Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Excel document that triggers an access attempt on an invalid object, as exploited in the wild in February 2009 by Trojan.Mdropper.AC.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Feb 25, 2009
Updated
Apr 15, 2026
Evidence coverage
98%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    microsoft

    Record text: Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1; Excel Viewer 2003 Gold and SP3; Excel Viewer; Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1; and Excel in Microsoft Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Excel document that triggers an access attempt on an invalid object, as exploited in the wild in February 2009 by Trojan.Mdropper.AC.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1; Excel Viewer 2003 Gold and SP3; Excel Viewer; Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1; and Excel in Microsoft Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Excel document that triggers an access attempt on an invalid object, as exploited in the wild in February 2009 by Trojan.Mdropper.AC.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 43.06% probability · 98.62th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.430630000000; percentile 0.986220000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Apr 14, 2026 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood43.06%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 98.6th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.3

NVD · CVSS 2.0 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
microsoftOriginal assertion
Record text

Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1; Excel Viewer 2003 Gold and SP3; Excel Viewer; Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1; and Excel in Microsoft Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Excel document that triggers an access attempt on an invalid object, as exploited in the wild in February 2009 by Trojan.Mdropper.AC.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Microsoft Office Excel 2000 SP3, 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1; Excel Viewer 2003 Gold and SP3; Excel Viewer; Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1; and Excel in Microsoft Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Excel document that triggers an access attempt on an invalid object, as exploited in the wild in February 2009 by Trojan.Mdropper.AC.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

43.06% probability · 98.62th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.430630000000; percentile 0.986220000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
10Underlying assertions
5Canonical products
10Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

6 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedn/an/aDirect source scope
Affected: n/a
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftexcelVulnerable target · 4 assertions
Version 2000; Version 2002; Version 2003; Version 2007Canonical identity product-1583a0890c2b29ac138d93d8997cbf1b2f38a707f8b4b5b3d38e281b544e22acLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:excel:2007:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f703901f-ad7c-42e7-bbfa-529a8c510d83
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:excel:2002:sp3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    896e23b1-ab34-43ff-96f3-ba6ed7f162af
  3. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:excel:2000:sp3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    439b26ba-376c-4d6b-b7ba-b66b8bda8e37
  4. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:excel:2003:sp3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    cebb33cd-cacf-4eb8-8b5f-8e1cb8d7a440
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftexcel_viewerVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained)Canonical identity product-e46a9abcf48416d41bf88f63588659e78f987bd8cd253d7bb89f21d827b1e9aeLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:excel_viewer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    971ec323-267f-4daf-ba3b-10a47a9f1ada
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftofficeVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 2004; Version 2008Canonical identity product-f4efee17050cd92d62299077c43827052b373ddcb783c02caa43c2fbb378d2f4Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:office:2004:*:*:*:*:macos:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    0b191155-67f2-4c6e-bd0c-af5af6f04ba1
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:office:2008:*:*:*:*:macos:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    421acf1b-1b21-4416-98ed-baa5c210eae5
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftoffice_compatibility_packVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 2007Canonical identity product-fe758137686484ffb07abeab90c90f69f48242b9bb56d3d0eb99f12d1ca3aa5dLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:office_compatibility_pack:2007:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    c5c94f2c-786b-45e4-b80a-fc668d917014
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftoffice_excel_viewerVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Any version (unconstrained); Version 2003Canonical identity product-595e7860e871f2f397549928d92c3e938ed9b2ea9b359b865b158741233ba860Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:office_excel_viewer:2003:sp3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b18c291f-57c2-4328-8fcf-3c1a27b0d18d
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:office_excel_viewer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    4a2613ce-c469-43ae-a590-87ce1faada8b

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

5 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-1583a0890c2b29ac138d93d8997cbf1b2f38a707f8b4b5b3d38e281b544e22ac

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
4
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
19f93c35-c4e2-4aca-b850-2459e1edcea060e48385-5ab1-497f-83cb-fef5735c4744b8b174a0-ceb9-4b55-94ee-f4751e6a4b95d3ae162e-2a09-4b7f-b523-8c121b2f6804
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-595e7860e871f2f397549928d92c3e938ed9b2ea9b359b865b158741233ba860

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
709341b7-92a3-48d5-995f-d23e187b74f7970943b8-5932-4110-a8a3-9673a447e7fc
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-e46a9abcf48416d41bf88f63588659e78f987bd8cd253d7bb89f21d827b1e9ae

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
5605f139-69e7-4114-914a-0746c77cf3a9
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-f4efee17050cd92d62299077c43827052b373ddcb783c02caa43c2fbb378d2f4

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
47eb660a-46d7-4097-851b-207b6a4c9b21ceeb4558-56c8-4e01-a00b-c7cb8b6e938a
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-fe758137686484ffb07abeab90c90f69f48242b9bb56d3d0eb99f12d1ca3aa5d

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
acabcdd5-8285-4d9c-8e01-a1b16bb5fa32
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
1e61365d-7aff-414a-b695-01360d119cdf

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.3
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
8.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.