CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2010-4344

CVE-2010-4344

80.2–96.5Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

Heap-based buffer overflow in the string_vformat function in string.c in Exim before 4.70 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an SMTP session that includes two MAIL commands in conjunction with a large message containing crafted headers, leading to improper rejection logging.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Dec 14, 2010
Updated
Oct 22, 2025
Evidence coverage
72%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply updates per vendor instructions.

FIRST EPSS71.90%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.4%

Source stateConflict visible

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

redhatoriginal assertion
container

Heap-based buffer overflow in the string_vformat function in string.c in Exim before 4.70 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an SMTP session that includes two MAIL commands in conjunction with a large message containing crafted headers, leading to improper rejection logging.

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Exim Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.719010000000; percentile 0.993580000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
n/an/a
[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:exim:exim:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 4.70supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:6.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:8.04:*:*:*:-:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:9.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:opensuse:11.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:opensuse:11.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:opensuse:11.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3
nvd@nist.govCVSS 2.0 · role PrimaryAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
9.8
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0CVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.