Evidence dossier
CVE-2016-4171
Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Mar 25, 2022). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 20.2% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.
As of Aug 27, 2026
Normalized restatement
Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Jun 16, 2016
- Updated
- Nov 17, 2025
- Evidence coverage
- 86%
Evidence chronology
What was known when
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAadobeOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCACISA-ADPOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CISA ADP Vulnrichment
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCACVE ProgramOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CVE Program Container
- Source dateFirst observed by CASCACISA KEVOriginal evidence ↗
Exploitation cataloged: Adobe Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
observed_exploitation- Value
- Adobe Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
- Source dateFirst observed by CASCAFIRST EPSSOriginal evidence ↗
EPSS score: 20.21% probability · 97.27th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
model_probability- Value
- Probability 0.202110000000; percentile 0.972720000000
Assessments differ
Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.
CISA KEV · catalog date Mar 25, 2022 · first observed Jul 19, 2026
FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 97.3th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026
NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · values shown separately below
Evidence detail
Source limits and decisions
Why each evidence state has this value
casca-unknown-reasons-v1Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.
- Revision
- evidence-policy-v1.1.0
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- None
Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.
- Revision
- evidence-policy-v1.1.0
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- None
Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.
- Revision
- casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- Resolve conflict
The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.
- Revision
- casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- Resolve identity
Source comparison
Who said what
Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in June 2016.
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CISA ADP Vulnrichment
CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CVE Program Container
Adobe Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
observed_exploitation- Value
- Adobe Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
20.21% probability · 97.27th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
model_probability- Value
- Probability 0.202110000000; percentile 0.972720000000
Applicability
Cited product scope
Grouped from 14 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.
Identity source boundaries
- Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z
27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa - Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z
955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e
15 scope groups
Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.
Inspect raw assertion
[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]product-1f43dd2fb9df2cb64d1a717194e5325cf3f2d14dbb24ebbb35d9226a3dc1cbe7Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 0 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 11.2.202.621
- Match ID
363b5a6c-bee3-4141-8cdd-c1ea06fad441
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:internet_explorer:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 5 · node/1 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 21.0.0.242
- Match ID
aebb9124-e2d5-435e-a59a-9b250374abd6
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:internet_explorer:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 3 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 21.0.0.242
- Match ID
aebb9124-e2d5-435e-a59a-9b250374abd6
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 1 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 21.0.0.242
- Match ID
97202a15-0b2c-46a9-8eaa-a2f62c8ea78b
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 4 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 18.0.0.352
- Match ID
80e80dec-4724-49f4-bd19-4687a83ca56e
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:edge:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 5 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 21.0.0.242
- Match ID
e51d60e3-00c6-459e-b2b9-ca7e25d02fda
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:flash_player:*:*:*:*:*:chrome:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 2 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 21.0.0.242
- Match ID
39af0d5d-0c43-4290-b815-19db07a2fc1a
product-d6f53ba981bb58ea2b0d24855b8ff4a18555e3a17a9dce0d38460a69537bbc63Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 1 · node/1 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
4c56f007-5f8e-4bdd-a803-c907bcc0af55
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
4c56f007-5f8e-4bdd-a803-c907bcc0af55
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 4 · node/1 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
4c56f007-5f8e-4bdd-a803-c907bcc0af55
product-94613e1f5039e71a9805f20421d56ac6a61e2707d3f97a08fdf6823a65dc7b76Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 1 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
0ff5999a-9d12-4cdd-8de9-a89c10b2d574
cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
0ff5999a-9d12-4cdd-8de9-a89c10b2d574
cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 4 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
0ff5999a-9d12-4cdd-8de9-a89c10b2d574
product-b52d99a799eb1164ea8aa4323a348a4e22f9a18f12d38b746456eb597b7a5d3dLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:google:chrome_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 2
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
5accacaf-7bd6-4c0a-8e6a-67e13d5e341d
product-0eda7a801761be4590f267cf319481c8c0aaa30546d99cc064edf77989ce05c9Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 3
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
155ad4fb-e527-4103-bcef-801b653dea37
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 0 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
703af700-7a70-47e2-bc3a-7fd03b3ca9c1
product-6a798dc931affc038ba266631a506d54b455ffebd96b4fae68f77b6bd7aef178Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 4 · node/1 · match 2
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
2cf61f35-5905-4ba9-ad7e-7db261d2f256
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 1 · node/1 · match 2
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
2cf61f35-5905-4ba9-ad7e-7db261d2f256
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 4
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
2cf61f35-5905-4ba9-ad7e-7db261d2f256
product-706d745b7981e13adc9253e654169f399f239fa0f1df2a375eb22fb6bc44afceLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 5 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
fbc814b4-7dec-4efc-abff-08ffd9fd16aa
product-7e46de82012029583622f69d79b86bc210b5bd25b8cb3bb4468936702b23c4b0Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 3 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
a7f51b5f-aa19-4d31-89fa-6dfac4ba8f0f
product-66ca8198d1887ac9754d1aad85d76f1edfc54c873eb2cd9bedf566863f5e07bdLinked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:opensuse:13.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
a10bc294-9196-425f-9fb0-b1625465b47f
cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:opensuse:13.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
03117df1-3bec-4b8d-ad63-dbbdb2126081
product-ebce605e64c58caa7df6a30e91702332cd8c0be8f801e44353e6350e913ec5aeLinked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_desktop:6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 1
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
ee249e1b-a1fd-4e08-aa71-a0e1f10ffe97
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_desktop:5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
133aafa7-af42-4d7b-8822-aa2e85611bf5
product-8db20157ede2f731f576213a7e555a24d2424bb17aed8e43ad9b77c3587f9deaLinked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_server:6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 3
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
9bbcd86a-e6c7-4444-9d74-f861084090f0
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_server:5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 2
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
54d669d4-6d7e-449d-80c1-28fa44f06ffe
product-b2aa744c9fb2b4ef0e3b842acbf37879ad4ac43af291292cfb0906170b204ab9Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_workstation:6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 5
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
e5ed5807-55b7-47c5-97a6-03233f4fbc3a
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_workstation:5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 4
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
d0ac5cd5-6e58-433c-9eb3-6dfe5656463e
product-908c58b965f5cdd7f6621821fd6c68d62c5a5ce89de01a9e91af7286e0b17d41Linked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:suse:linux_enterprise_desktop:12:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 3
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
3a0ba503-3f96-48da-af47-fba37a9d0c48
cpe:2.3:o:suse:linux_enterprise_desktop:12:-:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 2
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
d2df4815-b8cb-4ad3-b91d-2e09a8e318e9
product-6e046fb997f096ca9d3ba77e0e7dba3aad0205129bb30ab70c401b282bcd0f8dLinked exactInspect raw assertions
cpe:2.3:o:suse:linux_enterprise_workstation_extension:12:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 5
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
ed540469-c4dd-485d-9b89-6877b2a74217
cpe:2.3:o:suse:linux_enterprise_workstation_extension:12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 4
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
9dfa18b6-2642-470a-a350-68947529ee5d
Affected-product evidence
Accepted scope and product mapping
7 canonical links · 1 source-reported links
vendor-70d8e9d1eb9ce5b2e6b4c9351aebc88bced6ea77611cbc8d5cdbe8115b6faed8 · product-1f43dd2fb9df2cb64d1a717194e5325cf3f2d14dbb24ebbb35d9226a3dc1cbe7
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 7
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
196ed6a0-dc02-4879-8944-a22967584d9a2b3e78cb-bdff-4b2c-aabe-1c64f8ce06ea2c751194-8763-413a-85bc-22c52fd260ce45657b4c-c005-4ebf-a2d2-1fdec271a44b7470124c-e4cf-4dae-990e-ade1539908c0ab9a677a-2a1d-4337-b148-34f9606a1be1d64a5d9e-9b9d-46cf-a5ba-9b9ce84e29b7vendor-f98e1750e4b030e2bb71130d14421ff255427227a8b696c92978cf6c77fc265d · product-66ca8198d1887ac9754d1aad85d76f1edfc54c873eb2cd9bedf566863f5e07bd
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
11723dc5-5699-4e92-8c68-7ef8e710cb9b2b9e0edb-ee82-435e-8f4c-6650c33d593fvendor-6bbcd126779403146e957d68529786b086421e0676d9e90a4d53d03594694fb2 · product-6e046fb997f096ca9d3ba77e0e7dba3aad0205129bb30ab70c401b282bcd0f8d
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
db9879fb-d7aa-44dc-a3a5-a6beacb607afdf8dbed5-307e-43a7-a3c6-4bc8fcf7a44cvendor-c759fafc60d6abc1277ecbf1ee6294d1f25ae0a4c7d5d0d9355c414b2db182cc · product-8db20157ede2f731f576213a7e555a24d2424bb17aed8e43ad9b77c3587f9dea
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
28c03de5-ab03-4065-a9fb-02e21124b292b21f8a5a-279e-4a8a-bc3f-ef3a2a428d98vendor-6bbcd126779403146e957d68529786b086421e0676d9e90a4d53d03594694fb2 · product-908c58b965f5cdd7f6621821fd6c68d62c5a5ce89de01a9e91af7286e0b17d41
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
91708848-a596-4203-bbbd-6de5c3a80a2b9e720951-9c0c-4cee-bd94-322d7d9b4676vendor-c759fafc60d6abc1277ecbf1ee6294d1f25ae0a4c7d5d0d9355c414b2db182cc · product-b2aa744c9fb2b4ef0e3b842acbf37879ad4ac43af291292cfb0906170b204ab9
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
b18c5995-7223-4bcb-90ec-529a75f28a7efe778087-d13d-4095-92b2-5e19d5b78c6cvendor-c759fafc60d6abc1277ecbf1ee6294d1f25ae0a4c7d5d0d9355c414b2db182cc · product-ebce605e64c58caa7df6a30e91702332cd8c0be8f801e44353e6350e913ec5ae
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 2
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
252d0a78-608d-4b12-aa07-7b4a61977d21d2a1b68d-de16-46e4-afce-20e5beb8eb77Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.
Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source
- Source class
- Direct cve affected
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
acd12e46-5e4e-4c2a-91b2-fa71be4b4948Assessments
CVSS by origin
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:CCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HDirect CVE/CNA normalized decisions
CISA-ADP
CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Validation
- Valid match
- Recomputed
- 7.8
- Decision reason
- Evidence supported
- Policy
- casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.
Evidence boundaries
- KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
- EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
- Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
- NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
- Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
- NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
- Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
- OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
- Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
- Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.