CISA KEV · catalog date Mar 7, 2022 · first observed Jul 19, 2026
Evidence dossier
CVE-2016-6277
NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before…
Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Mar 7, 2022). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 8.8. EPSS estimates 99.8% exploit likelihood as of Jul 18, 2026.
As of Aug 27, 2026
Normalized restatement
NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Dec 14, 2016
- Updated
- Oct 21, 2025
- Evidence coverage
- 98%
Evidence chronology
What was known when
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCACISA-ADPOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CISA ADP Vulnrichment
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCACVE ProgramOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CVE Program Container
- Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAmitreOriginal evidence ↗
Record text: NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
- Source dateFirst observed by CASCACISA KEVOriginal evidence ↗
Exploitation cataloged: NETGEAR Multiple Routers Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
observed_exploitation- Value
- NETGEAR Multiple Routers Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
- Source dateFirst observed by CASCAFIRST EPSSOriginal evidence ↗
EPSS score: 99.78% probability · 99.96th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
model_probability- Value
- Probability 0.997810000000; percentile 0.999560000000
FIRST EPSS · score date Jul 18, 2026 · 100th percentile · first observed Jul 19, 2026
NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot
Evidence detail
Source limits and decisions
Why each evidence state has this value
casca-unknown-reasons-v1Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.
- Revision
- evidence-policy-v1.1.0
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- None
Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.
- Revision
- evidence-policy-v1.1.0
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- None
Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.
- Revision
- casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- None
The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.
- Revision
- casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
- Cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
- Resolution
- Resolve identity
Source comparison
Who said what
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CISA ADP Vulnrichment
CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- CVE Program Container
NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
container- Value
- NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
NETGEAR Multiple Routers Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
observed_exploitation- Value
- NETGEAR Multiple Routers Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
99.78% probability · 99.96th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
- Field
model_probability- Value
- Probability 0.997810000000; percentile 0.999560000000
Applicability
Cited product scope
Grouped from 22 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.
Identity source boundaries
- Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z
27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa - Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z
955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e
23 scope groups
Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.
Inspect raw assertion
[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]product-2ce426e4e29980570f61de190ed6d0f8cc70f523c8ca196625365847a61a711dLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:d6220:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 0 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
f3eea190-2e9c-4586-bf81-b115532fba23
product-a2805d48a177b2fa8b8d93223a2304e6a40162df203081f63d4e591c998933c4Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:d6220_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 0 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.0.22
- Match ID
daf7a31e-c1dc-4e58-88ee-fa3a9789019f
product-f258e235517da9ee8c9eaf46fb51e0c52b2cd74c0d0d1f9094d0535b4034aa75Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:d6400:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 1 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
7d30939b-86e3-4c78-9b05-686b4994c8b9
product-1d83b3f8daf96b3d94c026537b71ed67caf02a1c594727eb610b0a62559fb9f4Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:d6400_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 1 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.0.56
- Match ID
a08da055-1a32-43be-abf8-42749b128c5e
product-e5873d5bad885755ad027b9dac7059420ce607584a76b1483948a7f63a3f1a4fLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r6250:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 2 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
321be843-52c4-4638-a321-439ca7b3a6f2
product-169b3a9d8a417b5b1f65d671bb4170339e6b5a6b05e9181733398b271c062532Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6250_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 2 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.4.6_10.1.12
- Match ID
6c6fed5e-959b-403b-8770-be16123acdb3
product-9e880053118540df2eac37ad99d33d2d8fa72d3c9ec10c72cc62accf09476f10Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r6400:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 3 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
3e4cdf6b-3829-44d0-9675-71d7be83caa2
product-19fe8d66e372a567de11bbf45e713ed8e390c9dc98a835ecc41b2505ac2c9872Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6400_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 3 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.1.18
- Match ID
1788a7df-f29a-4a71-bdc8-8caab37f59a9
product-972d312553173aace80a82321449ba11e1644fecd8dcd181c78faff7aa0ff63eLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r6700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 4 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
21b27f11-4262-4ce1-8107-b365a7c152f2
product-c9960ed478e17578d2b8db1915a7e227a8ab1de8c31ec7a061cc4e29aa21475cLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 4 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.1.14
- Match ID
55f9d994-3acd-4608-84d4-070576fd23ef
product-fc20d0c8529ec1101785ee2d4977927ec6daf3806b61012bbf94b027fbb26816Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r6900:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 5 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
0794bb7c-1bcf-4f08-8eb2-9c3b150c105a
product-05705384909ece0de932cf930384e39a5fe8ca282fbd6c71086149a4ce9dbf0eLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6900_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 5 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.1.14
- Match ID
f990a820-178d-4353-8c9a-d575a41a1c69
product-e0c27cc4d7a71d180e619155c42c1d608aad4095dac9d96fdc7f5f921d19bc4bLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r7000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 6 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
c9f86ff6-ab32-4e51-856a-dde790c0a9a6
product-60a3859fd8d0d17516a012648f2bfc8f565aeab67bf7ca6729c6d61bb7ca1bfeLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 6 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.7.2_1.1.93
- Match ID
1be6f59b-4520-40e4-8e59-0eb72844297f
product-97cf4406168d0dd19b9664364d768c1f0017c34f61ca461260944e69351878e7Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r7100lg:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 7 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
366fa778-3c2a-42af-9141-dad7043b406c
product-6ec723546d8ceaca6988c3e729bc6cf434e5ee3a24c286d9fa2f6af4cf10c10fLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7100lg_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 7 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.0.28
- Match ID
d4b29972-7657-41e4-ab1d-f2183479927e
product-d7a50e1285241b312a3092ca843b57c49a167c8383644082e07d14bc681ba4e3Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r7300dst:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 8 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
c75148eb-de6c-4c5c-bf34-4800a66cf11c
product-55baa96acfc8f68b6cadf1f429abb380dfe364197f4ba3d9b34fbe6db4f52106Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7300dst_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 8 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.0.46
- Match ID
103b8b8e-a5c1-4717-ba09-6e9c3b784bbe
product-ad6e15202db7a2660e87faf16fe69a59e7fbe8da0e177330e5023486b6c7a42aLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r7900:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 9 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
c484840f-af30-4b5c-821a-4db9be407bdb
product-9a2d5a64540d7c1f9f287713d1c9c092e2d932654925ae45c2b49c277e195307Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7900_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 9 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.1.8
- Match ID
748c0bc1-a42b-41ba-ad88-116c160ebe8b
product-04a7a59cf217328ad57ae342731bc07733ca6b0410ab4ed6c56e9e5376a80626Linked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:h:netgear:r8000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Environmental constraint
- Configuration
- 10 · node/1 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- No explicit bounds
- Match ID
5b39f095-8fe8-43fd-a866-7b613b495984
product-1041a729a25f1b91167fa9a7976b8edab94dc64fbc3292864ebc0fbf47b5a45eLinked exactInspect raw assertion
cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r8000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*- Official link
- Linked exact
- Role
- Vulnerable target
- Configuration
- 10 · node/0 · match 0
- Logic
- OR
- Version bounds
- through including 1.0.3.26
- Match ID
192a2e30-17d1-4db4-892c-e15cb32bda25
Affected-product evidence
Accepted scope and product mapping
11 canonical links · 1 source-reported links
vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-05705384909ece0de932cf930384e39a5fe8ca282fbd6c71086149a4ce9dbf0e
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
17c70efa-8d1b-4e36-937d-60838620f2b7vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-1041a729a25f1b91167fa9a7976b8edab94dc64fbc3292864ebc0fbf47b5a45e
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
cc068316-5441-47ce-b3e8-e6b82d983c89vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-169b3a9d8a417b5b1f65d671bb4170339e6b5a6b05e9181733398b271c062532
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
2b8f33ba-692c-48da-a9f3-1019edc94883vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-19fe8d66e372a567de11bbf45e713ed8e390c9dc98a835ecc41b2505ac2c9872
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
31c16ee9-a02e-4b62-813d-754b06eb3c40vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-1d83b3f8daf96b3d94c026537b71ed67caf02a1c594727eb610b0a62559fb9f4
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
505f7d59-ef1a-4b31-a693-89677531832cvendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-55baa96acfc8f68b6cadf1f429abb380dfe364197f4ba3d9b34fbe6db4f52106
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
43b8fb4d-ff1d-42dd-805e-268dbf507fd8vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-60a3859fd8d0d17516a012648f2bfc8f565aeab67bf7ca6729c6d61bb7ca1bfe
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
ba75f598-e2e3-4d4f-a071-6692ddb292b5vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-6ec723546d8ceaca6988c3e729bc6cf434e5ee3a24c286d9fa2f6af4cf10c10f
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
37dc8288-5470-4efa-a468-d157058a2601vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-9a2d5a64540d7c1f9f287713d1c9c092e2d932654925ae45c2b49c277e195307
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
0a086095-8d1c-4824-9611-6991de6857f9vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-a2805d48a177b2fa8b8d93223a2304e6a40162df203081f63d4e591c998933c4
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
a40c4532-8f1b-41b5-b059-2e99564a4789vendor-e6bb97853bfb2ac91ae14d10c2c66badc0ed5b9045d86cd4261f6013a132d9c2 · product-c9960ed478e17578d2b8db1915a7e227a8ab1de8c31ec7a061cc4e29aa21475c
- Source class
- Nvd cpe vulnerable target
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
37275ec8-91ee-437d-a53b-f7e48e782789Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.
Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source
- Source class
- Direct cve affected
- Assertions
- 1
- Mapping revision
- cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
- Observed cutoff
- Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
dd5954fa-c7de-4d2d-b861-f93ea483b7d7Assessments
CVSS by origin
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:CCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HDirect CVE/CNA normalized decisions
CISA-ADP
CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Validation
- Valid match
- Recomputed
- 8.8
- Decision reason
- Evidence supported
- Policy
- casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.
Evidence boundaries
- KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
- EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
- Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
- NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
- Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
- NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
- Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
- OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
- Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
- Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.