CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2017-8540

CVE-2017-8540

76.5–95.2Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

The Microsoft Malware Protection Engine running on Microsoft Forefront and Microsoft Defender on Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 and 2016, does not properly scan a specially crafted file leading to memory corruption. aka "Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-8538 and CVE-2017-8541.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
May 26, 2017
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
72%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply updates per vendor instructions.

FIRST EPSS71.96%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.4%

Source stateConflict visible

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

microsoftoriginal assertion
container

The Microsoft Malware Protection Engine running on Microsoft Forefront and Microsoft Defender on Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 and 2016, does not properly scan a specially crafted file leading to memory corruption. aka "Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-8538 and CVE-2017-8541.

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Improper Restriction of Operations Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.719610000000; percentile 0.993590000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
Microsoft CorporationMalware Protection Engine
[{"status": "affected", "version": "Microsoft Forefront and Microsoft Defender on Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 and 2016."}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:endpoint_protection:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2013:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:forefront_endpoint_protection:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:forefront_endpoint_protection:2010:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:forefront_security:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:intune_endpoint_protection:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:malware_protection_engine:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 1.1.13701.0; end excluding 1.1.13704.0supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:security_essentials:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:system_center_endpoint_protection:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:windows_defender:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1511:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1703:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_7:-:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_8.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_rt_8.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3
nvd@nist.govCVSS 2.0 · role PrimaryAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
7.8
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0CVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.