CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2018-4063

An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Dec 12, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 8.8. EPSS estimates 27.1% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

75.0–76.6Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. A specially crafted HTTP request can upload a file, resulting in executable code being uploaded, and routable, to the webserver. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
May 6, 2019
Updated
May 22, 2026
Evidence coverage
96%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    talos

    Record text: An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. A specially crafted HTTP request can upload a file, resulting in executable code being uploaded, and routable, to the webserver. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. A specially crafted HTTP request can upload a file, resulting in executable code being uploaded, and routable, to the webserver. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Sierra Wireless AirLink ALEOS Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Sierra Wireless AirLink ALEOS Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 27.06% probability · 97.89th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.270590000000; percentile 0.978940000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Dec 12, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood27.06%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 97.9th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 8.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
talosOriginal assertion
Record text

An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. A specially crafted HTTP request can upload a file, resulting in executable code being uploaded, and routable, to the webserver. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the upload.cgi functionality of Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. A specially crafted HTTP request can upload a file, resulting in executable code being uploaded, and routable, to the webserver. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Sierra Wireless AirLink ALEOS Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Sierra Wireless AirLink ALEOS Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

27.06% probability · 97.89th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.270590000000; percentile 0.978940000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
15Underlying assertions
13Canonical products
3Target assertions
12Constraint assertions

Grouped from 6 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

14 scope groups

talos · source assertedn/aSierra WirelessDirect source scope
Affected: Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3"}]
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_es440Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-dbbf321189abd975a9a7803b91e0c709a99ba2f08963615911b31aeab9c7d2aeLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_es440:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    a539809a-2f36-49e5-b6e1-7d13057cb5cc
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_es450Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-f31c67adaf3ba7c1755bd0bea7e9e43576df4f1fb3e38401ee0bb3bd09faded0Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_es450:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    2 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3e042be5-9b2e-42b9-b455-fdb35251b0a6
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_gx400Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-74b7884b9dd5d8729a0b004ba351546003fe69c8b579903999645cba7bef4e0fLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_gx400:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3ed4507b-d487-40bb-8f0c-dde252844bf7
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_gx440Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-1d48204e95cf97a51b6e4e258e91d3c3df4db2970d4cbb7a7150df06dc5bb1bfLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_gx440:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2f6861fb-f310-4b6d-bedd-0b1611e5ce2d
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_gx450Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-ec59dd8f10e7685670d83d23422c3a3853da8075f1e010a06a4729fc994d9177Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_gx450:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    2 · node/1 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f20fc147-11af-4e39-978a-0bc270b3cf01
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_ls300Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-b77b6c9602d2fe4838ff4e6b81e1bcf61aff1549404963e34c0b0f1cfd121f69Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_ls300:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    06302d92-3c19-414a-b976-779fe9b01915
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_lx40Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-3c68c0c89cbb2e26a913154937913b0f1c3e32ff1e5859073f0be7f37212ebeaLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_lx40:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    c4cedb07-37c9-444f-9670-1807e7c3e734
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_lx60Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-51a5a6a65bb3cce3d67024305057a4a7f3f8895dc71e2e245a39b190aba26983Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_lx60:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    631f6248-da94-4bf8-9f78-3636cbd67f2e
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_mp70Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-60d4505d05413698f38fb675b8ed0b362e7589d7dbfde30d0917a413eb4665c0Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_mp70:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3d40d05c-2c06-40d7-a060-ab695909e559
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_mp70eEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-950c96cbb241cb4592d516d0b0c18a45ce91a4ea17396dc0b695629a23ad0922Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_mp70e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    ad91027a-efc8-4a29-b880-ce39d00df86f
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_rv50Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-a1065529502fc06269c545092c7ab81dc4a38d21dd40751cac4d1acacda3b691Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_rv50:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    282d04ae-5657-42c6-9ef1-89fa8388d746
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsierrawirelessairlink_rv50xEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-b7d67491c4c149c4f40bfac26818362f7bb461122bc1b9ff1ccd9aceab2be989Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sierrawireless:airlink_rv50x:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    1 · node/1 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    aa1c2197-e412-4fe2-8de8-3048a3727a58
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsierrawirelessaleosVulnerable target · 3 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 4.11.0); Any version (unconstrained) (< 4.4.9); Any version (unconstrained) (< 4.9.4)Canonical identity product-bc3a612d6008f8c771ac1e74c346cae64f5a151a9823ac7715905fe156bb2bfdLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sierrawireless:aleos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 4.4.9
    Match ID
    e9b26adf-46f0-42e9-b434-b1bdd3b3fa51
  2. cpe:2.3:o:sierrawireless:aleos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 4.11.0
    Match ID
    22bf7599-d3bb-4273-847e-28e84af19c07
  3. cpe:2.3:o:sierrawireless:aleos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 4.9.4
    Match ID
    5ba6b3fe-7242-44a0-8dfe-0835a06bb61a

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f2b212f635339ff2e20478d4cb92cad63bbc66d15d82e24e50a6bdb11be9cf77 · product-bc3a612d6008f8c771ac1e74c346cae64f5a151a9823ac7715905fe156bb2bfd

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
090d8c28-8118-41db-a264-7d148471f3a26cdaa76b-25ef-431d-b9cd-78fd91151277d7115bb5-4900-481b-a354-2988a737f9e9
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
689b484c-a5f8-4fb8-b08b-9e3e7f6f0eed

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.0
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C
8.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.