CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2019-5418

There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of…

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Jul 7, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 7.5. EPSS estimates 98.5% exploit likelihood as of Aug 8, 2026.

85.8–86.3Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Mar 27, 2019
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
98%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

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    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

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    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    hackerone

    Record text: There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Rails Ruby on Rails Path Traversal Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Rails Ruby on Rails Path Traversal Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 98.51% probability · 99.92th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.985070000000; percentile 0.999160000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Jul 7, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood98.51%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 8, 2026 · 99.9th percentile · first observed Aug 8, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.5

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

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Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
hackeroneOriginal assertion
Record text

There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Rails Ruby on Rails Path Traversal Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Rails Ruby on Rails Path Traversal Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

98.51% probability · 99.92th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.985070000000; percentile 0.999160000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
10Underlying assertions
6Canonical products
10Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 6 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

7 scope groups

hackerone · source assertedRailshttps://github.com/rails/railsDirect source scope
Affected: 5.2.2.1Affected: 5.1.6.2Affected: 5.0.7.2Affected: 4.2.11.1
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "5.2.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.1.6.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.0.7.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "4.2.11.1"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 8.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    c11e6fb0-c8c0-4527-9aa0-cb9b316f8f43
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 30Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:30:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    4 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    97a4b8df-58da-4ab6-a1f9-331b36409ba3
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMopensuseleapVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 15.0Canonical identity product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f1e78106-58e6-4d59-990f-75da575bfad9
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONredhatcloudformsVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 4.6; Version 4.7Canonical identity product-953d886d0d3c34ea5c0db6e8d01424fbe289d309e3033f6042c96d1226511bdcLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:redhat:cloudforms:4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    04ac556d-d511-4c4c-b9fb-a089bb2fefd5
  2. cpe:2.3:a:redhat:cloudforms:4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    5 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    67f7263f-113d-4bae-b8cb-86a61531a2ac
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONredhatsoftware_collectionsVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 1.0Canonical identity product-ca784b1cfa46e7693787bdfda9b774a55e292d3cbfbb2944f6927553fd92cf5dLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:redhat:software_collections:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    5 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9d7ee4b6-a6ec-4b9b-91df-79615796673f
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONrubyonrailsrailsVulnerable target · 4 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 3.0.0, < 4.2.11.1); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.0.0, < 5.0.7.2); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.1.0, < 5.1.6.2); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.2.0, < 5.2.2.1)Canonical identity product-e0b2336b1b5768960b78c5b0df1c79cecfd01efda2b64bf7cb6745f74a8180eaLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.0.0; through excluding 5.0.7.2
    Match ID
    5dcd16b7-b3e7-4ee4-b8b1-b25fbe75efff
  2. cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.1.0; through excluding 5.1.6.2
    Match ID
    ef0ba3c0-e2a4-4fe1-b443-308b7efa32f2
  3. cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.2.0; through excluding 5.2.2.1
    Match ID
    f248a4de-4b0c-4e4c-ab38-c08f90b197f8
  4. cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 3.0.0; through excluding 4.2.11.1
    Match ID
    2a096ce2-193c-4132-b48d-12122d60fa07

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

6 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
e6d1adc0-68e7-48de-a5c9-2cdee0ee60e1
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-c759fafc60d6abc1277ecbf1ee6294d1f25ae0a4c7d5d0d9355c414b2db182cc · product-953d886d0d3c34ea5c0db6e8d01424fbe289d309e3033f6042c96d1226511bdc

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
a72dc19d-c237-4b49-9d3c-a6a57d982e19bb724f9f-091c-4072-aac1-29c5e388cec8
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f98e1750e4b030e2bb71130d14421ff255427227a8b696c92978cf6c77fc265d · product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
78a0d897-33f5-4fe7-868c-d956836aed46
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
73adb352-7fae-428d-80b8-34b8b357dcdb
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-c759fafc60d6abc1277ecbf1ee6294d1f25ae0a4c7d5d0d9355c414b2db182cc · product-ca784b1cfa46e7693787bdfda9b774a55e292d3cbfbb2944f6927553fd92cf5d

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
e7d63911-0c1a-437b-b36f-2e5ba12d8ace
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-c884ab6960fef9facc93a81d5deee1e870114931f18f9e460b66e86bae0c6b9b · product-e0b2336b1b5768960b78c5b0df1c79cecfd01efda2b64bf7cb6745f74a8180ea

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
4
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
2baf7540-3773-49da-a89a-4b2365e9339b3a586025-b22e-4440-8af8-334e709c0bd5637bec82-20de-4614-be1e-aab2db8dfa01b9c948e1-1ed6-4189-bb87-c9fcc6e3edc1
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
234fbee6-7ecf-4ba9-bc5f-8b8ef5d756a1

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.5
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.0
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
7.5
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
7.5
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.5Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
7.5
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.