CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2019-8394

Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 3, 2021). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 6.5. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 63.3% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

74.8–78.9Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Feb 17, 2019
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
86%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    mitre

    Record text: Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) File Upload Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) File Upload Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 63.34% probability · 99.15th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.633360000000; percentile 0.991450000000
    Original evidence ↗

Assessments differ

NVD6.5CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted
NVD4.0CVSS 2.0 · source date omitted
CVE Program source7.5CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted

Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 3, 2021 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood63.34%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 99.1th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityAssessments differ

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · values shown separately below

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentAssessments differ

Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve conflict
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
mitreOriginal assertion
Record text

Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 10.0 build 10012 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via login page customization.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) File Upload Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) File Upload Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

63.34% probability · 99.15th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.633360000000; percentile 0.991450000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
14Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
14Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

mitre · source assertedn/an/aDirect source scope
Affected: n/a
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONzohocorpmanageengine_servicedesk_plusVulnerable target · 14 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.0); Version 10.0.0Canonical identity product-1f3b056ace85c9471413d7fc185100e741f57159b3e51768604dfc038cbaae89Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10009:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 11
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f9ac6ec8-e1ca-4889-8af8-482649cf2139
  2. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10006:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    21dc1da3-012f-4af2-b6ca-968e50a503ec
  3. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10000:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b8254acb-5c97-4c05-a3dc-e28428dfb3b5
  4. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10001:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    1f68ffbd-efd8-4dc7-bbbf-53c37b58c075
  5. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10008:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 10
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    16c27699-4157-4473-9fb3-01151b3e21f3
  6. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10007:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9de94b05-7b6a-4912-8590-d9c1791f9b68
  7. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10002:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b8ef8d0f-f50e-4c22-8b41-bd2d5f4dbe41
  8. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.0.0
    Match ID
    4eafc388-e113-4972-8b2f-b5e2de249a7e
  9. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10005:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    dc5b570b-8c33-448c-84d9-bc9d5f9feacd
  10. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10004:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    01754d60-5592-4193-a2df-4ce12d30cf24
  11. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10010:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 12
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    4186b73e-0e0f-48e1-9a51-b90e228bda14
  12. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10011:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 13
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9ca6c73a-f3de-469b-9f1e-6b9037f3f6f8
  13. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:10003:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    548cad7b-9738-4764-84f3-8d7effb0f7ec
  14. cpe:2.3:a:zohocorp:manageengine_servicedesk_plus:10.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    97cabec7-2b76-4b17-b906-1cb2b49515a1

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-76abf9127e48519ab2b0d992e528e41eff46eda7ca5b347885ae82e9e66c68ef · product-1f3b056ace85c9471413d7fc185100e741f57159b3e51768604dfc038cbaae89

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
14
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
16126f71-d192-4089-ad50-99e7b3ca5c152123160c-a7ab-4729-98d7-0d8a98965431224df8fa-19a2-470d-b663-c9b422df5d1a445b05a7-9006-4cfd-9f17-3793567ecb754ab9dbe4-274f-4066-87dc-1236c0743a445a403ade-09e0-441a-b738-47a95911e14d666dfc16-2efe-445d-9cf5-810964aae78d688697ed-259e-4e39-83bc-dc0111e4129f6983511c-deb6-4d98-853c-93e602efa14ea493e317-bee5-46ea-bc4a-06d00d79a183aac94a4d-f390-455a-a1d7-f1d8df742664b2904d11-03a6-4ddd-8f9d-4f0ee39c7ed8d598b5c4-5ce7-496f-95fd-5c6dc3fcfd77edb8254b-1147-4eaa-9f1c-16282be2ee49
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
cabcd657-b4ba-43d6-a411-f04f2840ec20

Assessments

CVSS by origin

6.5
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N
7.5
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.5Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
7.5
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.