CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2020-15069

Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Feb 6, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. EPSS estimates 10.7% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

73.7–75.2Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access. Hotfix HF062020.1 was published for all firewalls running v17.x.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jun 29, 2020
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
98%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    mitre

    Record text: Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access. Hotfix HF062020.1 was published for all firewalls running v17.x.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access. Hotfix HF062020.1 was published for all firewalls running v17.x.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Sophos XG Firewall Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Sophos XG Firewall Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 10.67% probability · 95.47th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.106740000000; percentile 0.954660000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Feb 6, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood10.67%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 95.5th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
mitreOriginal assertion
Record text

Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access. Hotfix HF062020.1 was published for all firewalls running v17.x.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Sophos XG Firewall 17.x through v17.5 MR12 allows a Buffer Overflow and remote code execution via the HTTP/S Bookmarks feature for clientless access. Hotfix HF062020.1 was published for all firewalls running v17.x.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Sophos XG Firewall Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Sophos XG Firewall Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

10.67% probability · 95.47th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.106740000000; percentile 0.954660000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
14Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
13Target assertions
1Constraint assertions

Grouped from 2 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

3 scope groups

mitre · source assertedn/an/aDirect source scope
Affected: n/a
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsophosxg_firewallEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-8f928e794d4608dfb6e2d462e74bcd53bda8b54064cbc30d4d9e991b07205e97Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sophos:xg_firewall:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9628d079-44bd-479e-be63-9bef824b4e4b
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsophosxg_firewall_firmwareVulnerable target · 13 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 17.0, < 17.5); Version 17.5Canonical identity product-25cb5a88f562a719722c683bb0ac3dd4ff8f01663ca52d7e2195a751f38bf1b8Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 11
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    496397ce-77f5-4773-a1ac-a05d34c697e6
  2. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release11:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    ff3bc5b5-9440-4b70-bd38-a7abde8edf82
  3. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    8a9eaa0d-d5a1-41c1-9ea1-9b4cfa0f8c4e
  4. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 10
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    d3bd6bb0-8d01-4b33-8989-d424abe9453d
  5. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release10:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2ad1df62-d9cf-40bd-b9f0-d66d8cf497a7
  6. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    70ff0e57-77ca-4dc1-94eb-8728aaece268
  7. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    7b791a90-1286-4cbf-adce-e0b9d128deb7
  8. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f3bbdd37-5675-43f6-a298-a1e7cbdc68ef
  9. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2ab6515b-f780-4b1b-bd1e-2ebefca09e4d
  10. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 17.0; through excluding 17.5
    Match ID
    a546abb9-136e-4118-b0ed-e801efe01863
  11. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release12:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    cf5a6965-c9da-4d96-abcc-2fa424b53c3c
  12. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 12
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    4a3fa1dc-64af-4557-b9ec-e1a0a07facb5
  13. cpe:2.3:o:sophos:xg_firewall_firmware:17.5:maintenance_release3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9a73bc58-7d57-4699-8c1a-f260ca6893ed

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-a1b201ce89b48b3a70006eed038afadf550d7ec6dfd8c3bf7e563669380f3431 · product-25cb5a88f562a719722c683bb0ac3dd4ff8f01663ca52d7e2195a751f38bf1b8

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
13
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
0a7bbd5a-ad34-430a-9467-918c663836b917b6ed4d-0a15-4184-ba92-0badfd7ed321188094bb-8042-4156-92ca-6ce3778074a1333e9f82-2eb9-4e1b-9616-8a53212c1dd53914f439-8e3d-4c89-b992-09f56e9a0e233f1723a9-9cd8-4f14-8e7a-8e84ab48b42848c8e866-b2bd-4e31-be7c-67a3052186605a8d17eb-74fa-4820-9353-c61733051e7084a70e12-1c98-4a47-92ab-7cf7890ce0469e849d7f-c586-4216-bf67-9cf76340abe1e1ea4f0e-132e-4ce2-9624-075ec81a26d3eb92a1a5-da45-40ed-81ed-ad989ea18aafefaac9dc-d13b-4e54-bea3-5a5435e04c45
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
8a0e8997-bf9e-45be-bcbe-ac4009c30c3a

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.