CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2020-16009

Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 3, 2021). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 8.8. EPSS estimates 48.3% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

83.9–84.3Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Nov 3, 2020
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
98%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    Chrome

    Record text: Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 48.29% probability · 98.77th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.482930000000; percentile 0.987710000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 3, 2021 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood48.29%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 98.8th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityCVSS 8.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

ChromeOriginal assertion
Record text

Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.183 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

48.29% probability · 98.77th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.482930000000; percentile 0.987710000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
11Underlying assertions
8Canonical products
11Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 4 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

9 scope groups

Chrome · source assertedGoogleChromeDirect source scope
Affected: unspecified to before 86.0.4240.183 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "86.0.4240.183", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONcefsharpcefsharpVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 86.0.241)Canonical identity product-5f995be9d19c927c5f78cfd6e2fc616d0c73358060cda4680ef98925877617a2Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:cefsharp:cefsharp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 86.0.241
    Match ID
    43539102-63d7-4f9d-a7d7-ca4afc1853a6
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 10.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    07b237a9-69a3-4a9c-9da0-4e06bd37ae73
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 32; Version 33Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    36d96259-24bd-44e2-96d9-78ce1d41f956
  2. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e460aa51-fcda-46b9-ae97-e6676aa5e194
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONgooglechromeVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 86.0.4240.183)Canonical identity product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcdLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:google:chrome:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 86.0.4240.183
    Match ID
    9118f617-b2f6-45cf-a230-e9d628c2e7e8
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftedgeVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 86.0.622.63)Canonical identity product-392790dbff8af15e1e2ba8b85e7e6ce068ad4439e95ad4241880503780c43a59Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:edge:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 86.0.622.63
    Match ID
    c45c9d5f-2391-43a6-9fc1-cbfd4d245eb1
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftedge_chromiumVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 86.0.4240.183)Canonical identity product-151fa43ce688e686b0979b3df6d6fc924c7ee990e167f81db3729dc080ad5098Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:edge_chromium:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 86.0.4240.183
    Match ID
    578a1790-cd98-4f75-a589-563f0d5d8a3a
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONopensusebackports_sleVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 15.0Canonical identity product-2532cf34dca5316e6053b2833a9016407d7b8d30408c5b6b5c3a4599349200eeLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:opensuse:backports_sle:15.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    40513095-7e6e-46b3-b604-c926f1ba3568
  2. cpe:2.3:a:opensuse:backports_sle:15.0:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    67e82302-4b77-44f3-97b1-24c18ac4a35d
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMopensuseleapVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 15.1; Version 15.2Canonical identity product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b620311b-34a3-48a6-82df-6f078d7a4493
  2. cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b009c22e-30a4-4288-bcf6-c3e81deaf45a

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

8 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-151fa43ce688e686b0979b3df6d6fc924c7ee990e167f81db3729dc080ad5098

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
7986d7c3-15b6-44d2-8d1b-543ef22ea639
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f98e1750e4b030e2bb71130d14421ff255427227a8b696c92978cf6c77fc265d · product-2532cf34dca5316e6053b2833a9016407d7b8d30408c5b6b5c3a4599349200ee

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
0f2d5713-7a21-4b4f-a2bb-2fa59b4e8cd86617172b-663f-4ff3-898d-6446f6367069
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-392790dbff8af15e1e2ba8b85e7e6ce068ad4439e95ad4241880503780c43a59

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
7ef502e5-5f83-4c00-9380-f259ff44f9ff
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
51c4fd38-b22b-476a-b07a-545e4cd0536b
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f2ef65eda8aca2a0ef6462721cef53648969d27c7d7396af6f45342d9a4c152e · product-5f995be9d19c927c5f78cfd6e2fc616d0c73358060cda4680ef98925877617a2

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
e09e93d5-a51c-467b-ab4e-c9a551375219
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88869ec57256fdf5d0b9ffd6f3d141ad371acdd6f81405ddb6c5e9e45b10869c · product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcd

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
20e42771-6600-4291-a953-aaf5612168d0
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f98e1750e4b030e2bb71130d14421ff255427227a8b696c92978cf6c77fc265d · product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
a298b3b0-547a-4c63-83b5-88ff24fb7bc7d0654b8c-5524-4e5f-83b1-c8883e83abf1
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
557c8f31-20ca-4924-8bee-1bcff6b2663ba73cf125-7827-4efd-bdde-8db8966de55b
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
c9b64a19-ff63-44b9-91bc-298f9ccea740

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.8
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
8.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.