CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2020-16846

An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 3, 2021). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. EPSS estimates 99.6% exploit likelihood as of Jul 26, 2026.

90.6–91.3Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002. Sending crafted web requests to the Salt API, with the SSH client enabled, can result in shell injection.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Nov 6, 2020
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
99%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    mitre

    Record text: An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002. Sending crafted web requests to the Salt API, with the SSH client enabled, can result in shell injection.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002. Sending crafted web requests to the Salt API, with the SSH client enabled, can result in shell injection.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: SaltStack Salt Shell Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    SaltStack Salt Shell Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 99.59% probability · 99.94th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.995850000000; percentile 0.999440000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 3, 2021 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood99.59%

FIRST EPSS · score date Jul 26, 2026 · 99.9th percentile · first observed Jul 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
mitreOriginal assertion
Record text

An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002. Sending crafted web requests to the Salt API, with the SSH client enabled, can result in shell injection.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt through 3002. Sending crafted web requests to the Salt API, with the SSH client enabled, can result in shell injection.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

SaltStack Salt Shell Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
SaltStack Salt Shell Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

99.59% probability · 99.94th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.995850000000; percentile 0.999440000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
19Underlying assertions
4Canonical products
19Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 4 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

5 scope groups

mitre · source assertedn/an/aDirect source scope
Affected: n/a
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 10.0; Version 9.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    deece5fc-cacf-4496-a3e7-164736409252
  2. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    07b237a9-69a3-4a9c-9da0-4e06bd37ae73
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 31Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:31:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    80f0fa5d-8d3b-4c0e-81e2-87998286af33
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMopensuseleapVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 15.1Canonical identity product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b620311b-34a3-48a6-82df-6f078d7a4493
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONsaltstacksaltVulnerable target · 15 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 2015.8.10); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2015.8.11, < 2015.8.13); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.11.0, < 2016.11.3); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.11.4, < 2016.11.6); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.11.7, < 2016.11.10); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.3.0, < 2016.3.4); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.3.5, < 2016.3.6); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2016.3.7, < 2016.3.8); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2017.5.0, < 2017.7.4); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2017.7.5, < 2017.7.8); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2018.2.0, < 2018.3.5); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2019.2.0, < 2019.2.5); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 3000.0, < 3000.3); Version 3001; Version 3002Canonical identity product-20b467fbabf67904e12dd41259b9edfcf8685cf9db7bdaec594da3839d465a23Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.3.7; through excluding 2016.3.8
    Match ID
    17c96153-85c1-45dc-a48b-46a3900246e2
  2. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 12
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 3000.0; through excluding 3000.3
    Match ID
    d64191c4-c3d3-4615-b7d5-26ada8bd7c7b
  3. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.3.5; through excluding 2016.3.6
    Match ID
    7d28a2b5-316a-45dc-ac85-a0f743c4b3c4
  4. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 10
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2018.2.0; through excluding 2018.3.5
    Match ID
    9747884a-8b29-42c9-bf5e-5b6d883a78e3
  5. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2017.5.0; through excluding 2017.7.4
    Match ID
    c45acc11-ca9b-4451-b6dd-bd784349cde8
  6. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.3.0; through excluding 2016.3.4
    Match ID
    b4741bd5-4c40-48bc-a2c1-e6ab33818201
  7. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.11.7; through excluding 2016.11.10
    Match ID
    11d84847-0c8a-473a-9186-46fabd7bb59a
  8. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.11.4; through excluding 2016.11.6
    Match ID
    920c57af-6e88-465a-83fa-ab947d4c6f0b
  9. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 11
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2019.2.0; through excluding 2019.2.5
    Match ID
    f7a2912c-7f48-465d-b7f2-93ecd0d0cb74
  10. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:3002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 14
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f5d7215a-820e-446c-844c-dc4c61bd1884
  11. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 2015.8.10
    Match ID
    0f9405e3-f2b0-41ba-a39d-61bb38475a59
  12. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2015.8.11; through excluding 2015.8.13
    Match ID
    a35c23d3-82d4-46e7-bf08-9229c04c0c3d
  13. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2016.11.0; through excluding 2016.11.3
    Match ID
    b0a54497-d7e2-4a2c-9719-4d992b296498
  14. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:3001:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 13
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    74cad70e-e77c-4010-b224-cee3968cb6a2
  15. cpe:2.3:a:saltstack:salt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2017.7.5; through excluding 2017.7.8
    Match ID
    bd998745-fa62-4894-a4fc-767f0de131b9

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

4 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-70c9dca63ffb8741dadb5aefd40fda9301c7131cc3090871eb4c4aec86dc8291 · product-20b467fbabf67904e12dd41259b9edfcf8685cf9db7bdaec594da3839d465a23

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
15
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
256d2329-be56-47a3-a7e5-c836059b962a291f45f1-a731-4cda-88c2-db661f6e218c3dfb99df-378c-489c-b929-5597e1504beb41c0635a-832a-4139-b00b-f9db34fe176a5eaacb35-ea0d-4b26-a154-4b9e7e5f237f764cfd40-a6da-4511-88eb-79490ca92ff699824668-6e3b-4ab3-8b9a-30eb9b75af149d5db762-9aa6-4132-b1cb-fe902cbf08e19e9ebaea-d404-481e-87f5-66254fca0256aa4e3969-c98b-4a52-8a6d-ede00827793ab36d1a94-e09c-4f43-ad92-27c380e7603cbe909dfe-439f-400d-9ee2-5e38717a8cc0c93239e7-420d-4393-8909-56357cf68dcfcf0fed8e-aa90-4927-b8f4-fef07bd26d95fbcdbb0c-b80e-40f7-941a-d1626c71ab10
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
3ba0972c-9cc4-440e-af77-89cd3413715aa9b93874-e12c-40d9-b6e9-623422ffe974
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-f98e1750e4b030e2bb71130d14421ff255427227a8b696c92978cf6c77fc265d · product-c27aedc6088fe47e75f3a72d532ce7dcfb4a151fd6deaeecc763cf1d10026925

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
f44f36fe-7c6a-4f07-ab5c-4e85a37fbabb
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
d2c53f57-1265-46d7-9ef5-26263227ec00
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
6ada21e3-a788-4e4c-b20c-d168831d74b7

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.