CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2021-38000

Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via…

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 3, 2021). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 6.1. EPSS estimates 4.7% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

64.8–67.0Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Nov 23, 2021
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
93%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    Chrome

    Record text: Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Google Chromium Intents Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Google Chromium Intents Improper Input Validation Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 4.65% probability · 91.07th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.046530000000; percentile 0.910650000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 3, 2021 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood4.65%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 91.1th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 6.1

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

ChromeOriginal assertion
Record text

Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Google Chromium Intents Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Google Chromium Intents Improper Input Validation Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

4.65% probability · 91.07th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.046530000000; percentile 0.910650000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
5Underlying assertions
4Canonical products
4Target assertions
1Constraint assertions

Grouped from 4 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

7 scope groups

CISA-ADP · source assertedgoogleandroidDirect source scope
Affected: -
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "-"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedgooglechromeDirect source scope
Affected: 0 to before 95.0.4638.69 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "95.0.4638.69", "versionType": "custom"}]
Chrome · source assertedGoogleChromeDirect source scope
Affected: unspecified to before 95.0.4638.69 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "95.0.4638.69", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 10.0; Version 11.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    fa6feec2-9f11-4643-8827-749718254fed
  2. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    07b237a9-69a3-4a9c-9da0-4e06bd37ae73
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 34Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    a930e247-0b43-43cb-98ff-6ce7b8189835
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMgoogleandroidEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-92706ad297e0bcadcd6adc374dd80eb27012c37cd92e19cf49650461139673ecLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:google:android:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f8b9fec8-73b6-43b8-b24e-1f7c20d91d26
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONgooglechromeVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 95.0.4638.69)Canonical identity product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcdLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:google:chrome:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 95.0.4638.69
    Match ID
    b625be9f-2418-44c9-8974-dfd6430cbd46

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

3 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
6c35559a-fb17-4d4c-a5fb-70bf4ae2f040bb15c84a-2307-44dc-8414-9d8fbfc9b660
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88869ec57256fdf5d0b9ffd6f3d141ad371acdd6f81405ddb6c5e9e45b10869c · product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcd

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
c3f0d6b5-6b18-4a25-9780-2577f539439d
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
a47f8051-7621-4c4a-aaa1-fe069efb8807
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
714e567d-0266-40fe-9203-28bdac9d83048ad7f2b9-c785-4436-82e1-f5bfbc15ab41f607a135-b3b2-4a95-bd52-a541ae8daf49

Assessments

CVSS by origin

6.1
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.8
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N
6.1
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

6.1Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
6.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.