CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2021-40407

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Dec 18, 2024). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 7.2. EPSS estimates 47.6% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

74.4–76.0Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. At [1] or [2], based on DDNS type, the ddns->domain variable, that has the value of the domain parameter provided through the SetDdns API, is not validated properly. This would lead to an OS command injection. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jan 28, 2022
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
92%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    talos

    Record text: An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. At [1] or [2], based on DDNS type, the ddns->domain variable, that has the value of the domain parameter provided through the SetDdns API, is not validated properly. This would lead to an OS command injection. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. At [1] or [2], based on DDNS type, the ddns->domain variable, that has the value of the domain parameter provided through the SetDdns API, is not validated properly. This would lead to an OS command injection. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Reolink RLC-410W IP Camera OS Command Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Reolink RLC-410W IP Camera OS Command Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 47.64% probability · 98.76th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.476350000000; percentile 0.987560000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Dec 18, 2024 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood47.63%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 98.8th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.2

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
talosOriginal assertion
Record text

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. At [1] or [2], based on DDNS type, the ddns->domain variable, that has the value of the domain parameter provided through the SetDdns API, is not validated properly. This would lead to an OS command injection. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the device network settings functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. At [1] or [2], based on DDNS type, the ddns->domain variable, that has the value of the domain parameter provided through the SetDdns API, is not validated properly. This would lead to an OS command injection. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Reolink RLC-410W IP Camera OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Reolink RLC-410W IP Camera OS Command Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

47.64% probability · 98.76th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.476350000000; percentile 0.987560000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
2Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
1Target assertions
1Constraint assertions

Grouped from 2 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

3 scope groups

talos · source assertedn/an/aDirect source scope
Affected: n/a
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]
NVD CPE · HARDWAREreolinkrlc-410wEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-aacb42adf93260570350a5da5bc509cf8ff437cff00e02c2e721833400127114Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:reolink:rlc-410w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    0 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    260fb388-a221-4900-92fb-fab90529647d
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMreolinkrlc-410w_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 3.0.0.136_20121102Canonical identity product-32a1eaabbe883f51bc75f1055199ddf58dc6ae00f2dda950d2bdf5a18ceb9d79Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:reolink:rlc-410w_firmware:3.0.0.136_20121102:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2c79eeb2-5a28-48de-95ab-197dad087b06

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-d74319185d45734d7380242cb1324d7e3fcc9c08c5a8be7d81ec331fee5132ac · product-32a1eaabbe883f51bc75f1055199ddf58dc6ae00f2dda950d2bdf5a18ceb9d79

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
f86c9f31-7f43-4dbd-8c54-78796e4edc58
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
b792df5d-9b79-40d9-a858-4757ff4d8479

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.2
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.1
talos-cna@cisco.comCVSS 3.0 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.1
talosCVSS 3.0 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.1Priority eligible

talos

CVSS 3.0 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.