Evidence dossier

CVE-2021-40449

Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 17, 2021). microsoft reports CVSS 3.1 7.8. EPSS estimates 74.1% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

84.3–90.1Priority evidence range

Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

State: PUBLISHED
Published: Oct 13, 2021
Updated: Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage: 91%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026
CISA-ADP
Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026
CVE Program
Record text: CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026
microsoft
Record text: Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateJul 16, 2026First observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026
CISA KEV
Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft Windows Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft Windows Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateAug 26, 2026First observed by CASCAAug 26, 2026
FIRST EPSS
EPSS score: 74.13% probability · 99.45th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.741290000000; percentile 0.994450000000
Original evidence ↗

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 17, 2021 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood74.13%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 99.4th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.8

microsoft · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1

Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Aug 27, 2026
Resolution: None

Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Aug 27, 2026
Resolution: None

Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff: Aug 27, 2026
Resolution: None

Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision: casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff: Aug 27, 2026
Resolution: Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment

Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

CVE ProgramDerivative copy

Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: CVE Program Container

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

microsoftOriginal assertion

Record text

Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

CISA KEVOriginal assertion

Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft Windows Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: observed_exploitation
Value: Microsoft Windows Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Source dateJul 16, 2026First observed by CASCAJul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion

EPSS score

74.13% probability · 99.45th percentile

Inspect raw assertion

Field: model_probability
Value: Probability 0.741290000000; percentile 0.994450000000

Source dateAug 26, 2026First observed by CASCAAug 26, 2026Original evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →

21Underlying assertions

19Canonical products

21Target assertions

0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries

Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

Search scopeRoleOfficial link state

46 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1507Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.10240.19086 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.10240.19086", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1607Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.14393.4704 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.4704", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1809Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.17763.2237 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.2237", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1909Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.18363.1854 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.18363.1854", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 2004Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.19041.1288 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19041.1288", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 20H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.19041.1288 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19041.1288", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 21H1Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.19041.1288 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19041.1288", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 21H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.22000.258 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22000.258", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 7Direct source scope

Affected: 6.1.0 to before 6.1.7601.25740 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.1.0", "lessThan": "6.1.7601.25740", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 7 Service Pack 1Direct source scope

Affected: 6.1.0 to before 6.1.7601.25740 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.1.0", "lessThan": "6.1.7601.25740", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 8.1Direct source scope

Affected: 6.3.0 to before 6.3.9600.20144 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.20144", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1Direct source scope

Affected: 6.1.0 to before 6.1.7601.25740 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.1.0", "lessThan": "6.1.7601.25740", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.1.7601.25740 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.1.7601.25740", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 2Direct source scope

Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.0.6003.21251 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.0.6003.21251", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 2Direct source scope

Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.0.6003.21251 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.0.6003.21251", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.0.6003.21251 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.0.6003.21251", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012Direct source scope

Affected: 6.2.0 to before 6.2.9200.23490 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.0", "lessThan": "6.2.9200.23490", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2Direct source scope

Affected: 6.3.0 to before 6.3.9600.20144 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.20144", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 6.3.0 to before 6.3.9600.20144 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.20144", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 6.2.0 to before 6.2.9200.23490 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.0", "lessThan": "6.2.9200.23490", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.14393.4704 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.4704", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.14393.4704 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.4704", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.17763.2237 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.2237", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.17763.2237 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.2237", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2022Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.20348.288 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.288", "versionType": "custom"}]

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

19 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-02e254d111ce604757a15650ef469f4f8365d6247da82ce3ac2695c3cfc7dc5f

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

71d5f04d-7d48-4b14-926b-ce08d8a28230

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-076c7e47c78d9425d54dea0b063ed7cd79e5f9f0bfdb3c9153b8aec4e71a7ad9

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

cb7ae542-cb5f-4f82-b321-2f6e7836d0d4

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-17bb8cf1f7c651b22b1d70b949ea16052726cca6c54fe7f6b34194c4d0ae8e60

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

54559337-90d8-4bd2-8923-557dc50c18e4

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-217b1ab3d25f361a639824f86753d418b35aa2a816ee370bb71b5d1dd883d87a

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 2
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

580062de-8a70-4b14-b692-4ac544352850d67ac451-9eb6-4b76-892e-d5539f6a2c87

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-25a2932c0bbcb648f7e391c8b9d34c734e5085444c03c1c206b9d4c4baa80b25

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

b0a37b60-4288-47c3-8f87-e923e7e13212

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-457c0c3b89fb1cf896e8491223eac8b0cb1ea61ce3174f915e4fe1032759d5a2

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

19fcef47-5249-4ec5-ab57-19cbfb147e7b

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-55e90faed8848f3d316cf702d119e83086b6dc5a963d9947a7df1c589f50346d

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

dd84e81f-7d24-4bd9-90bd-2b839bf26455

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-571f6df0fa50d71be9551414060ed8bfcdb500437871cf9595b7fa6b034cecbd

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

00d6810d-1ad4-480c-a03d-037c2c5aede4

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-5a80416e92fed0cddbb3d4f3840218b448dee11159824ad25a0353da566963fe

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 2
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

70fcb5c9-4669-487b-9e5c-1cf08e56176e8465117e-a3f2-4071-a65a-88dcf08a0d5c

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-740fec3e9838b5eabe76ebe27e4d0d7a4cb2e0ef7e13923300d3d0b51e3fce1c

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

6e8ce48e-4925-4240-af36-d2c5bbd273ca

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-7e46de82012029583622f69d79b86bc210b5bd25b8cb3bb4468936702b23c4b0

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

e9b9b776-ce56-46b2-8753-c0c33b2a8bbd

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-7fe28b5b5b17e017d9554204df059dd619746ffb5c80da87bcbfb1c52720d2f4

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

3c1df0fc-8034-4440-994a-2c51992d6d11

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-9851bd571b8ab08bca589cd73710badfef557d036f0fb7707f694f1c9f597cb4

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

0c8d641c-2e9a-4881-939a-412b4e88fcfc

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-9b245936275be71b526838fc72ea633d195b35bdd9dfc31bb6df51e7700edecc

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

fa15eaf5-098a-47a0-b854-570097ae6469

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-a3084138383423221f61594e86f5b295e5e254acd7ae5284f45e0877a084db43

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

1238b2f8-fe4d-4f49-95da-faf84d75bf94

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-d196d31962e613955a91e33e795c22dcfa7bf25173abebaca616a6350cce9ce1

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

7ffd983c-5b93-45df-9fa1-5bc309d7ac16

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-e0c6c3f5c5e95b5b83fbbf719a7de2471749e1ca250bebf19bc7898a937a00ed

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

ccf41be5-ed05-4401-9087-d5a8b4228ef4

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-ef5324dcc791e4e872d6c2be0aefa1d7687ca82c3b4ac5d1f72c76cce8395218

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

5efcb532-e4d1-4fed-8a23-0e51665929e3

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-f20a05098a41a238f96b56b817d0482887bb39ad40620198bbe05da10ee02ffc

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 1
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

d4c6974c-9958-4896-a69d-00c6ecccea9f

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class: Direct cve affected
Assertions: 27
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Aug 27, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

0398e2bf-f1f6-4550-bbd8-3a98a8e6cf69082276e4-8417-4528-9b10-d72b6411cf230ea0451f-6490-43bf-ae8f-6d29e9f441691aa60b22-a139-4d7b-a350-b2a97095b2121c85bebd-fb3c-490b-9077-96984e1dc5a826f09393-7429-4af3-9409-25fa5f0672e82ad6b57b-1ddb-4cfa-9ab5-da33b81bf3563d237bfb-b573-4092-8bd7-d7615944546c475415dc-9b8f-4d2f-81e5-8a0d4d498f2f599fbb7a-88f9-4e36-a60a-ce78dc57602a61bc0b2c-88d8-44cd-9d78-3cbfd2d5d2176b477872-d2fb-4002-9294-6a73b9deea2672001152-8410-4822-bf55-1b143c088d7482f1af16-fa2d-4267-87f2-2e7693b3d7448424a6c8-075a-41cd-b9b6-0e48de77984784328d1f-7f73-4ea6-93db-71107f97428d901a1d12-486e-4f7b-8878-8edf1bd185129883a2c9-a95c-4c61-9f3e-f6acd2826cb89a19f5a5-29e3-444e-adc6-224847e2cc13a036844b-8d2d-45a6-9a0d-ebe1a070667db1f9c49f-f969-4422-9cff-864912f4f3d8b675125d-1f74-44b3-8767-3ccd500e1171d3265d05-9141-4a96-b307-78b43b570ab8de47ac39-966e-4b8f-b410-a381f1a9a887f5a67761-ad0c-41a7-a3ad-8a3773680917f842505c-c541-42a6-bfec-a4a3d174769ff8b193f4-6c2e-45ef-be8c-7a672b775bfb

Assessments

CVSS by origin

4.6

NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

7.8

NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

7.8

secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

7.8

microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.8Priority eligible

microsoft

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Validation: Valid match
Recomputed: 7.8
Decision reason: Evidence supported
Policy: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.