CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2022-23134

Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already exists

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Feb 22, 2022). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 5.3. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 84.7% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

72.9–77.8Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

After the initial setup process, some steps of setup.php file are reachable not only by super-administrators, but by unauthenticated users as well. Malicious actor can pass step checks and potentially change the configuration of Zabbix Frontend.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jan 13, 2022
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
86%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    Zabbix

    Record text: Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already exists

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already exists
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Zabbix Frontend Improper Access Control Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Zabbix Frontend Improper Access Control Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 84.66% probability · 99.69th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.846570000000; percentile 0.996880000000
    Original evidence ↗

Assessments differ

NVD5.3CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted
NVD5.0CVSS 2.0 · source date omitted
security@zabbix.com3.7CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted

Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Feb 22, 2022 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood84.66%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 99.7th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityAssessments differ

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · values shown separately below

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentAssessments differ

Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve conflict
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
ZabbixOriginal assertion
Record text

Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already exists

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already exists
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Zabbix Frontend Improper Access Control Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Zabbix Frontend Improper Access Control Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

84.66% probability · 99.69th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.846570000000; percentile 0.996880000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
12Underlying assertions
3Canonical products
12Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 3 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

4 scope groups

Zabbix · source assertedZabbixFrontendDirect source scope
Affected: 5.4.0 - 5.4.8Unaffected: 5.4.9 to before 5.4.9* (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "5.4.0 - 5.4.8"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.4.9", "lessThan": "5.4.9*", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 9.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    deece5fc-cacf-4496-a3e7-164736409252
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 34; Version 35Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    80e516c0-98a4-4ade-b69f-66a772e2baaa
  2. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    a930e247-0b43-43cb-98ff-6ce7b8189835
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONzabbixzabbixVulnerable target · 9 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.4.0, <= 5.4.8); Version 6.0.0Canonical identity product-24f6fc0bb782c62075be431133b9cfd15a68b633af8a4120b86e8af19dd65bb2Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9c483257-d279-4a20-8451-1c2d34af8c7d
  2. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e7bcc855-4c6a-4e00-ba2a-3cad738df49d
  3. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.4.0; through including 5.4.8
    Match ID
    19429f9a-8623-4ba9-984b-4982418c21cd
  4. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    4270e53e-563e-4b60-9c19-5e8e78635b86
  5. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e5ee65d8-bd54-491f-8b61-a58d57c2d1ca
  6. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f9b37226-5339-4b5e-b515-bbc5d95a122d
  7. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    0dc67b03-af43-45c9-8eac-d60da5887712
  8. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    69b35cca-9f00-4fed-b2f6-3a561369af44
  9. cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:6.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    f78a52bb-9834-4d0c-a25c-52d46a4229ca

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

3 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-cbcf596ba6e26ef80acd5eadb84377fadcfb2c98340a1b6e2d73da4f6dd95e14 · product-24f6fc0bb782c62075be431133b9cfd15a68b633af8a4120b86e8af19dd65bb2

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
9
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
69aea93b-5ee5-48be-a918-0ec326c6bc8675098ac0-a5aa-4f25-b7ce-77c2dd8ed90b7ccd1c47-73af-4139-a307-8e868c7b1d3ed3dc44d6-c66c-4fae-b597-2e7869704772debc7762-6e09-46f1-b13f-8fc6196aca94e572945a-c332-443d-8503-2d6bd97837dee8ee0691-73eb-42af-80fd-2ff6106d0619f6e8e135-4d25-49d7-bfc6-50f15232d81ffc06a8ff-7ae9-4f0e-b3e9-13cee7bcb0fa
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
5c47cca8-7339-4e27-962f-48623361243d
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
55eb4827-15db-4ead-90eb-db745c8d62c7fd69dedb-1bd7-4bad-aa5b-e17917b3e4b1
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
ab56899a-599f-4e72-afec-9f2003a499a9

Assessments

CVSS by origin

5.3
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
5.0
NVDCVSS 2.0 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
3.7
security@zabbix.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
3.7
ZabbixCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

3.7Priority eligible

Zabbix

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
3.7
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.