CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-2033

Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Apr 17, 2023). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 8.8. EPSS estimates 40.8% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

80.9–81.6Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Apr 14, 2023
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
98%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    Chrome

    Record text: Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 40.8% probability · 98.55th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.407980000000; percentile 0.985480000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Apr 17, 2023 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood40.80%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 98.5th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 8.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

ChromeOriginal assertion
Record text

Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

40.8% probability · 98.55th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.407980000000; percentile 0.985480000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
7Underlying assertions
4Canonical products
7Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 4 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

5 scope groups

Chrome · source assertedGoogleChromeDirect source scope
Affected: 112.0.5615.121 to before 112.0.5615.121 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "112.0.5615.121", "lessThan": "112.0.5615.121", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONcouchbasecouchbase_serverVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 7.1.5); Version 7.2.0Canonical identity product-ac507f4516f1d5cee2b1f577bd0053afcf2e90a7b17b30ba60a39540ace7941eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:couchbase:couchbase_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 7.1.5
    Match ID
    8d5763b2-c023-4c29-a30e-71b087a967dd
  2. cpe:2.3:a:couchbase:couchbase_server:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    fbf7bb41-6de4-45d5-81fe-a3cc055853f1
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMdebiandebian_linuxVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 11.0Canonical identity product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447eLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    fa6feec2-9f11-4643-8827-749718254fed
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 3 assertions
Version 36; Version 37; Version 38Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    cc559b26-5dfc-4b7a-a27c-b77de755dff9
  2. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e30d0e6f-4ae8-4284-8716-991dfa48cc5d
  3. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:36:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    5c675112-476c-4d7c-bcb9-a2fb2d0bc9fd
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONgooglechromeVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 112.0.5615.121)Canonical identity product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcdLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:google:chrome:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 112.0.5615.121
    Match ID
    4a679c85-ef22-48d8-8298-28965d7b5a9d

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

4 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-66ae8c5e06427f7450637d18322b0dc411c0b469d940341cf076a620d444fe3c · product-3ccb4bc87dfae98fa2f2a06435fe5b3d9be78572fb958a89f2d7a96b4066447e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
aa34b47f-c0f7-4489-b242-2dc00c237868
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88869ec57256fdf5d0b9ffd6f3d141ad371acdd6f81405ddb6c5e9e45b10869c · product-6239ec405e2e1cdd75fd8ed01bb6845a448ecca3c3edcc8b0c5ccc2adb8b6bcd

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
c71b8b4e-ef81-43eb-b1e4-f6e3baa53034
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-d42849825562df4e0f3ce11cae602e21ea9a002349135cd82742bf6f5a33006e · product-ac507f4516f1d5cee2b1f577bd0053afcf2e90a7b17b30ba60a39540ace7941e

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
eaa5481c-59a6-4a1e-a90d-dfeb28c35633f1de7725-9fa4-4d87-8727-455447b69e48
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
286c150b-348f-4ee4-ac37-5cb4ce0c472f3d15a693-c610-4681-80a2-ac1f2112fc73fec78fb9-1a26-4805-a48e-f189ce765953
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
5271c743-7348-4be0-ad0f-e2c9a3d80a2b

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.8Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.