CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-26360

Adobe ColdFusion Improper Access Control Arbitrary code execution

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Mar 15, 2023). adobe reports CVSS 3.1 8.6. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 97.3% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

83.9–88.4Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Adobe ColdFusion versions 2018 Update 15 (and earlier) and 2021 Update 5 (and earlier) are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Mar 23, 2023
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
86%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    adobe

    Record text: Adobe ColdFusion Improper Access Control Arbitrary code execution

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Adobe ColdFusion Improper Access Control Arbitrary code execution
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Adobe ColdFusion Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Adobe ColdFusion Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 97.34% probability · 99.89th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.973390000000; percentile 0.998920000000
    Original evidence ↗

Assessments differ

NVD9.8CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted
psirt@adobe.com8.6CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted

Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Mar 15, 2023 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood97.34%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 99.9th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityAssessments differ

adobe · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · values shown separately below

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentAssessments differ

Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve conflict
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

adobeOriginal assertion
Record text

Adobe ColdFusion Improper Access Control Arbitrary code execution

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Adobe ColdFusion Improper Access Control Arbitrary code execution
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Adobe ColdFusion Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Adobe ColdFusion Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

97.34% probability · 99.89th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.973390000000; percentile 0.998920000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
22Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
22Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

adobe · source assertedAdobeColdFusionDirect source scope
Affected: unspecified through CF2018U15 (custom comparison)Affected: unspecified through CF2021U5 (custom comparison)Affected: unspecified through None (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "CF2018U15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "CF2021U5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "None"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONadobecoldfusionVulnerable target · 22 assertions
Version 2018; Version 2021Canonical identity product-40c507acd7e9f9a6fe8bc1b45cc600068bd553a29d1397a3d2e038f0deeda04dLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 21
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b38b9e86-bcd5-4bca-8fb7-ec55905184e6
  2. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 20
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    7773db68-414a-4ba9-960f-52471a784379
  3. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 18
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    d57c8681-ac68-47df-a61e-b5c4b4a47663
  4. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update14:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    25b4b4f2-318f-4046-ade5-e9dd64f83fd9
  5. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 17
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    afd05e3a-10f9-4c75-9710-ba46b66ff6e6
  6. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update10:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    8ddd85df-69a0-476f-8365-cd67c75cf0ce
  7. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update11:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    23f63675-7817-4af0-a7db-5e35edabf04e
  8. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    59649177-81ee-43c3-bfa5-e56e65b486df
  9. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update15:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    831e8d69-62e9-4778-8cc5-d6d45cf5ab6f
  10. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 12
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9f9336cc-e38f-4bcb-83cd-805ec7fef806
  11. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 13
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    97964507-047a-4cc8-8d2b-0ea0c7f9bd50
  12. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 11
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    6d5860e1-d293-48fe-9796-058b78b2d571
  13. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update13:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    c26bf72c-e991-4170-b68b-09b20b6c0679
  14. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    453b96ed-738a-4642-b461-c5216cf45ca3
  15. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 10
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    58d32489-627b-4e49-9329-8a3b8f8e4903
  16. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 15
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    1563ce5e-a4f7-40a4-a050-bb96e332d8dd
  17. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 16
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    7a94b406-c011-4673-8c2b-0dd94d46cc4c
  18. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    edb126bf-e09d-4e58-a39f-1190407d1cab
  19. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update12:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3e3bf53e-2c0d-4f79-8b62-4c2a50cb5f52
  20. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 19
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    75608383-b727-48d6-8ffa-d552a338a562
  21. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:update8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 14
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    82208628-f32a-4380-9b0f-dc8507e7701d
  22. cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2018:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3b54b2b0-b1e1-4b4e-a529-d0bd3b5deef3

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-70d8e9d1eb9ce5b2e6b4c9351aebc88bced6ea77611cbc8d5cdbe8115b6faed8 · product-40c507acd7e9f9a6fe8bc1b45cc600068bd553a29d1397a3d2e038f0deeda04d

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
22
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
06b77890-e0db-4821-b8d8-b1429f8bbb3a2c8934ae-db90-4aa6-abc2-a534da57211c2f49005e-664d-4180-ab56-4f87c4359ef64f029024-b749-4489-b820-8fca432175584f32e6f1-1e25-41af-8fe7-b47394bab213612923d9-5e04-43d8-8207-e502b314750a62703b80-2752-431d-8d7a-7c4e762c126662b3705d-38f8-4641-94e2-54cf89a95e0d6913a514-3b7c-4f72-a4b4-d094fa7c939769ef4adf-9e53-4706-8834-63b44303ba366da3d582-def0-4b4c-8724-404f4954723e722d922f-5641-446b-a2fa-ffebb11c13ed75de5747-11ce-42a3-86d0-ee02ab6fa51f78c69360-e3a9-4fb4-99d8-eefe9a469579adbd235d-9b7b-437a-94d4-84d3a58ba216bca2b52c-7402-4067-9007-4f4a714a7709c5b07373-225f-4aff-88a6-606a4e83e24ac7646a14-e3ba-48e4-ac69-4ded03056bcfc855a2ef-7afb-4afb-a4f5-5968572863f2d6997ea1-fd77-42f9-8652-c77a15833e68d75093c3-4afa-418c-a858-840fbcbcb7cef0d0f0b1-6c1e-4f62-a041-532e55a691aa
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
3d52205c-777b-4c2c-97d3-e1595ed9c8b6

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6
psirt@adobe.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.6
adobeCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.6Priority eligible

adobe

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.6
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.