CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-38180

.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Aug 9, 2023). microsoft reports CVSS 3.1 7.5. EPSS estimates 14.0% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

71.5–75.0Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Aug 8, 2023
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
93%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    microsoft

    Record text: .NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    .NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft .NET Core and Visual Studio Denial-of-Service Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Microsoft .NET Core and Visual Studio Denial-of-Service Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 14.02% probability · 96.28th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.140160000000; percentile 0.962750000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Aug 9, 2023 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood14.02%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 96.3th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.5

microsoft · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
microsoftOriginal assertion
Record text

.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft .NET Core and Visual Studio Denial-of-Service Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft .NET Core and Visual Studio Denial-of-Service Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

14.02% probability · 96.28th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.140160000000; percentile 0.962750000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
8Underlying assertions
4Canonical products
8Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 2 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

10 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftASP.NET Core 2.1Direct source scope
Affected: 2.0 to before 2.1.40 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "2.0", "lessThan": "2.1.40", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.2Direct source scope
Affected: 17.2.0 to before 17.2.18 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "17.2.0", "lessThan": "17.2.18", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.4Direct source scope
Affected: 17.4.0 to before 17.4.10 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "17.4.0", "lessThan": "17.4.10", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6Direct source scope
Affected: 17.6.0 to before 17.6.6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "17.6.0", "lessThan": "17.6.6", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoft.NET 6.0Direct source scope
Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.0.21 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.0.21", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoft.NET 7.0Direct source scope
Affected: 7.0.0 to before 7.0.10 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "lessThan": "7.0.10", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfedoraprojectfedoraVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Version 37; Version 38Canonical identity product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e30d0e6f-4ae8-4284-8716-991dfa48cc5d
  2. cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    cc559b26-5dfc-4b7a-a27c-b77de755dff9
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftasp.net_coreVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2.1, < 2.1.40)Canonical identity product-ba2f33326c361abe6045c36c4b26014a3a438d839b92d36a08e6816f2e58f809Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:asp.net_core:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2.1; through excluding 2.1.40
    Match ID
    65ccee15-3742-40b0-9241-1779929f529f
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoft.netVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 6.0.0, < 6.0.21); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.10)Canonical identity product-6a042afdef56ec102cc16e012cee8d1bd25da426c0ab09d55c7488a6a1e330a6Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.0.0; through excluding 7.0.10
    Match ID
    c2239c44-5436-4968-959b-c686e0faecd1
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 6.0.0; through excluding 6.0.21
    Match ID
    aa257401-7276-4427-8692-7b5a6495f182
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftvisual_studio_2022Vulnerable target · 3 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 17.2.0, < 17.2.18); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 17.4.0, < 17.4.10); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 17.6.0, < 17.6.6)Canonical identity product-6b445f7890b5004e618dd2b74120e47ece8c9e19f527978b4e5d19c4bfe159c7Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 17.2.0; through excluding 17.2.18
    Match ID
    dadae1ca-1303-4b24-a9ec-e79a83088e49
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 17.4.0; through excluding 17.4.10
    Match ID
    a2a151f0-ee6a-4d89-bf83-74ccaa76e373
  3. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 17.6.0; through excluding 17.6.6
    Match ID
    fb465155-cedd-48e5-8b58-af49b8faf504

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

4 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-6a042afdef56ec102cc16e012cee8d1bd25da426c0ab09d55c7488a6a1e330a6

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
7e841f79-d650-4f47-a2e8-f1e49abc9013e1e83e04-7452-421c-9f3f-92c340949681
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-6b445f7890b5004e618dd2b74120e47ece8c9e19f527978b4e5d19c4bfe159c7

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
a899e404-8a9f-4753-992c-e2db0079a92bbfe8ef71-1ae6-404e-b8c1-e3fdf1c0bd26f3ca24b7-ea16-413d-90b5-5558a39b98f4
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-01299a5a765aea70faa05f2d06e0c26a5d498fd34553e868d89e8a43b31864db · product-ba2f33326c361abe6045c36c4b26014a3a438d839b92d36a08e6816f2e58f809

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
3ee50030-a0f0-4781-9b1b-80fdbf5817dd
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-2d566b06907460b10e6e48c8544126e19f1d6df137983056edae8d0b51e34e45 · product-c96c7662a6606ed7594747da3d7ba9ee3a9758ab11658f6a3f42616361472e47

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
dff1bb4e-f4b6-4312-879a-e1608018de04e3a92227-1d38-492f-b5a9-4899438143d7
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
6
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
1f3bb87f-04ca-41c4-ba2b-acfe1ffa29db41513b59-5636-479f-ad39-c141699d1faa44a02231-fa28-4737-88ff-3487480e527b64ac044b-7456-4946-9cef-433c17c51e6775d081c7-bf3d-4b7b-ac03-089297c116bbd4f96e6f-e23f-4043-83cb-530d21c5850f

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.5
secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5
microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.5Priority eligible

microsoft

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
7.5
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.