CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-40044

WS_FTP Server Ad Hoc Transfer Module .NET Deserialization Vulnerability

81.0–99.0Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

In WS_FTP Server versions prior to 8.7.4 and 8.8.2, a pre-authenticated attacker could leverage a .NET deserialization vulnerability in the Ad Hoc Transfer module to execute remote commands on the underlying WS_FTP Server operating system.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Sep 27, 2023
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
72%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS90.15%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.8%

Source stateConflict visible

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

ProgressSoftwareoriginal assertion
container

WS_FTP Server Ad Hoc Transfer Module .NET Deserialization Vulnerability

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Progress WS_FTP Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.901500000000; percentile 0.997840000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
Progress Software CorporationWS_FTP Server
[{"status": "affected", "version": "8.8.0", "lessThan": "8.8.2", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "8.7.0", "lessThan": "8.7.4", "versionType": "semver"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:progress:ws_ftp_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 8.7.4supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:progress:ws_ftp_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 8.8; end excluding 8.8.2supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0
security@progress.comCVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0
ProgressSoftwareCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.