CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-41064

CVE-2023-41064

67.3–82.3Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.6.1 and iPadOS 16.6.1, macOS Monterey 12.6.9, macOS Ventura 13.5.2, iOS 15.7.9 and iPadOS 15.7.9, macOS Big Sur 11.7.10. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Sep 7, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Evidence coverage
85%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS15.26%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 96.4%

Source stateNo scored conflict

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

appleoriginal assertion
container

A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.6.1 and iPadOS 16.6.1, macOS Monterey 12.6.9, macOS Ventura 13.5.2, iOS 15.7.9 and iPadOS 15.7.9, macOS Big Sur 11.7.10. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS ImageIO Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.152630000000; percentile 0.963970000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
AppleiOS and iPadOS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "16.6", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
AppleiOS and iPadOS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "15.7", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
ApplemacOS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "12.6", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
ApplemacOS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "11.7", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
ApplemacOS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "lessThan": "13.5", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 15.7.9supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 16.0; end excluding 16.6.1supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 15.7.9supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 16.0; end excluding 16.6.1supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 11.0; end excluding 11.7.10supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 12.0; end excluding 12.6.9supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 13.0; end excluding 13.5.2supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0CVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.