CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-48788

CVE-2023-48788

84.3–99.3Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Mar 12, 2024
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
85%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS97.59%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.9%

Source stateNo scored conflict

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

fortinetoriginal assertion
container

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Fortinet FortiClient EMS SQL Injection Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.975910000000; percentile 0.998940000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
fortinetforticlient_enterprise_management_server
[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.1", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.10"}]unknown
fortinetforticlient_enterprise_management_server
[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.1", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.10"}]unknown
FortinetFortiClientEMS
[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.1", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.10"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient_enterprise_management_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 7.0.1; end excluding 7.0.11supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient_enterprise_management_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 7.2.0; end excluding 7.2.3supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
psirt@fortinet.comCVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3
fortinetCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:U/RC:C

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.