CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2024-21762

A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through…

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Feb 9, 2024). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. EPSS estimates 84.3% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

82.9–94.6Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Feb 9, 2024
Updated
Aug 4, 2026
Evidence coverage
85%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    fortinet

    Record text: A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 84.29% probability · 99.68th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.842850000000; percentile 0.996790000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Feb 9, 2024 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood84.28%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 99.7th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Aug 4, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
fortinetOriginal assertion
Record text

A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

84.29% probability · 99.68th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.842850000000; percentile 0.996790000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
10Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
10Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

13 scope groups

CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiosDirect source scope
Affected: 6.4.0 to before 6.4.15 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0", "lessThan": "6.4.15", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiosDirect source scope
Affected: 7.0.0 to before 7.0.14 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "lessThan": "7.0.14", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiosDirect source scope
Affected: 7.2.0 to before 7.2.7 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "lessThan": "7.2.7", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiosDirect source scope
Affected: 7.4.0 to before 7.4.3 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0", "lessThan": "7.4.3", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiosDirect source scope
Affected: 6.0.0 to before 6.2.16 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "lessThan": "6.2.16", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiproxyDirect source scope
Affected: 1.0.0 to before 2.0.14 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "1.0.0", "lessThan": "2.0.14", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiproxyDirect source scope
Affected: 7.0.0 to before 7.0.15 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "lessThan": "7.0.15", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiproxyDirect source scope
Affected: 7.2.0 to before 7.2.9 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "lessThan": "7.2.9", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedfortinetfortiproxyDirect source scope
Affected: 7.4.0 to before 7.4.3 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0", "lessThan": "7.4.3", "versionType": "custom"}]
fortinet · source assertedFortinetFortiOSDirect source scope
Affected: 7.4.0 through 7.4.2 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.2.0 through 7.2.6 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.0.0 through 7.0.13 (semver comparison)Affected: 6.4.0 through 6.4.14 (semver comparison)Affected: 6.2.0 through 6.2.15 (semver comparison)Affected: 6.0.0 through 6.0.17 (semver comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.0.17"}]
fortinet · source assertedFortinetFortiProxyDirect source scope
Affected: 7.4.0 through 7.4.2 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.2.0 through 7.2.8 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.0.0 through 7.0.14 (semver comparison)Affected: 2.0.0 through 2.0.13 (semver comparison)Affected: 1.2.0 through 1.2.13 (semver comparison)Affected: 1.1.0 through 1.1.6 (semver comparison)Affected: 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 (semver comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "2.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "1.2.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1.1.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "1.1.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "1.0.7"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMfortinetfortiosVulnerable target · 6 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 6.0.0, < 6.0.18); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 6.2.0, < 6.2.16); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 6.4.0, < 6.4.15); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.14); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.7); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.4.0, < 7.4.3)Canonical identity product-d06140244cc5e972beb67f7de823109a7332f0ff670c2c5c21938de936e3f496Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 6.4.0; through excluding 6.4.15
    Match ID
    4e29353f-8791-4117-ba7a-e32fab8348a4
  2. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 6.0.0; through excluding 6.0.18
    Match ID
    ae33b892-8cbb-4e16-b529-a1a0c48ce664
  3. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.2.0; through excluding 7.2.7
    Match ID
    553c4ba9-953b-4017-8498-785bda7a3006
  4. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.4.0; through excluding 7.4.3
    Match ID
    757a5257-6103-4dc5-b79f-727e4279614a
  5. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.0.0; through excluding 7.0.14
    Match ID
    c119229a-3805-47c1-b3f9-af1a4007a63b
  6. cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 6.2.0; through excluding 6.2.16
    Match ID
    3df10835-8de2-415b-9ee8-99ffd699193e
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONfortinetfortiproxyVulnerable target · 4 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 1.0.0, < 2.0.14); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.15); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.9); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.4.0, < 7.4.3)Canonical identity product-53e2c632c140b04469e646fdc096d80536975303740dc515e32352dc87ed2607Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.4.0; through excluding 7.4.3
    Match ID
    4a077234-f19c-4e87-a7a5-a266b5c903c7
  2. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.2.0; through excluding 7.2.9
    Match ID
    df62c95e-ab35-4a8e-84f8-5197e9d33c21
  3. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.0.0; through excluding 7.0.15
    Match ID
    72ed8947-dbf3-483b-b267-117403a3d8e3
  4. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 1.0.0; through excluding 2.0.14
    Match ID
    614bfd88-3c7a-4f6f-bd26-f53e4bc464d7

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

0 canonical links · 2 source-reported links

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
11
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
055f0719-d404-4dbf-a0ce-b09a7600ae852fa28451-6279-42a9-a28b-dddb3539400746db588e-373d-4f49-8ee4-1da9e41524ec4b7bd5ff-d203-4e86-a344-881b85bda2695712f2b5-1ff3-4df0-8150-42f089857afd7fac3c41-d569-4ed9-9cd4-61fb32ee80008cfc4032-247c-4c5d-9a68-3c8cd18e706d8e31eb56-48c3-4221-8063-7074764be2a4b919e015-66cb-4a8a-8d9b-bdc9d665915be6966e08-62b6-498d-9426-bdeb022aa203fc704a48-f0a4-472d-9766-5b14b8dbb1ab
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
10
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
00fb2e4e-e942-42b1-8a17-063dec494bec0c5cf8d9-86ac-4982-9635-c9ee6976e17f0dd501a8-8bd7-4b84-bdb8-d0ad8de3586f1356081b-90dd-456c-9fb7-c0a07164663c5aca6b26-35ea-41b7-a0cf-fff470771e208161d5a6-c442-4018-a398-43f0c3e39a0ccfb70752-6082-4dcf-ae19-1203bd2b1e31ddfb7bbd-d64f-4113-b0d2-0f8104aed7edf59376ff-1f51-47b4-a366-b2ac436fb00cf72becb0-6490-4ed6-9e4c-eae77d19cdbc

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
psirt@fortinet.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.6
fortinetCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:W/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.6Display only

fortinet

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:W/RC:C
Validation
Base mismatch
Recomputed
9.8
Decision reason
Outside current scoring policy
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.