CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2024-28995

SolarWinds Serv-U L Directory Transversal Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Jul 17, 2024). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 7.5. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 99.6% exploit likelihood as of Aug 8, 2026.

81.4–86.7Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

SolarWinds Serv-U was susceptible to a directory transversal vulnerability that would allow access to read sensitive files on the host machine.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jun 6, 2024
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
81%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    SolarWinds

    Record text: SolarWinds Serv-U L Directory Transversal Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    SolarWinds Serv-U L Directory Transversal Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: SolarWinds Serv-U Path Traversal Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    SolarWinds Serv-U Path Traversal Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 99.61% probability · 99.95th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.996140000000; percentile 0.999460000000
    Original evidence ↗

Assessments differ

NVD7.5CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted
psirt@solarwinds.com8.6CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted

Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Jul 17, 2024 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood99.61%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 8, 2026 · 99.9th percentile · first observed Aug 8, 2026

SeverityAssessments differ

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · values shown separately below

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentAssessments differ

Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve conflict
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
SolarWindsOriginal assertion
Record text

SolarWinds Serv-U L Directory Transversal Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
SolarWinds Serv-U L Directory Transversal Vulnerability
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

SolarWinds Serv-U Path Traversal Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
SolarWinds Serv-U Path Traversal Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

99.61% probability · 99.95th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.996140000000; percentile 0.999460000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
3Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
3Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

3 scope groups

CISA-ADP · source assertedsolarwindsserv-uDirect source scope
Affected: 0 through 15.4.2_hf_1 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "15.4.2_hf_1"}]
SolarWinds · source assertedSolarWindsSolarWinds Serv-UDirect source scope
Affected: 15.4.2 HF 1 and previous versions
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "15.4.2 HF 1 and previous versions"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONsolarwindsserv-uVulnerable target · 3 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 15.4.2); Version 15.4.2Canonical identity product-5a6bda9ced25850f131d1035dfd39cdbf63cac89e511540f36985b193233345cLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 15.4.2
    Match ID
    f4075bbf-2bc5-494c-81ed-ac85ad8d30cf
  2. cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:15.4.2:hotfix1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    ebdf03ff-c508-42bd-9b70-9f972a14087b
  3. cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:15.4.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    60a6b282-872e-4228-a884-5dc5b44046bb

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-391e7faeab524390123e1ed5f782756e82c750d283ae0f54737c4a4dc9612f6d · product-5a6bda9ced25850f131d1035dfd39cdbf63cac89e511540f36985b193233345c

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
01d32bc6-061c-4c83-9f07-ca7c38a2d9e610d65594-afd4-456f-9810-50e030cf3885b54ebde2-eeec-4b53-9f87-dff951995eb8
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
50d35fd8-4930-4e64-93d5-51c64374a0795a866a24-d18e-48bb-b554-1f7ab9e016f3

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.5
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.6
psirt@solarwinds.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.6
SolarWindsCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.6Priority eligible

SolarWinds

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.6
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.