Evidence dossier

CVE-2024-30088

Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Oct 15, 2024). microsoft reports CVSS 3.1 7.0. EPSS estimates 68.2% exploit likelihood as of Oct 21, 2026.

74.0–86.4Priority evidence range

Evidence through Oct 22, 2026, 6:07 PM UTC

As of Oct 22, 2026

Normalized restatement

Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

State: PUBLISHED
Published: Jun 11, 2024
Updated: Aug 10, 2026
Evidence coverage: 85%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026
CISA-ADP
Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026
CVE Program
Record text: CVE Program Container
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026
microsoft
Record text: Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSep 1, 2026First observed by CASCASep 1, 2026
CISA KEV
Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft Windows Kernel TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft Windows Kernel TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateOct 21, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 21, 2026
FIRST EPSS
EPSS score: 68.2% probability · 99.33th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.682020000000; percentile 0.993300000000
Original evidence ↗

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Oct 15, 2024 · first observed Sep 1, 2026

Exploit likelihood68.20%

FIRST EPSS · score date Oct 21, 2026 · 99.3th percentile · first observed Oct 21, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.0

microsoft · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Aug 10, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1

Exploitation statusLast verified source snapshot retained

The last verified source boundary remains in force for this claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: Review source contract

Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: None

Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: None

Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision: casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment

Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026Original evidence ↗

CVE ProgramDerivative copy

Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: CVE Program Container

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026Original evidence ↗

microsoftOriginal assertion

Record text

Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAAug 10, 2026Original evidence ↗

CISA KEVOriginal assertion

Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft Windows Kernel TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: observed_exploitation
Value: Microsoft Windows Kernel TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability

Source dateSep 1, 2026First observed by CASCASep 1, 2026Original evidence ↗

FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion

EPSS score

68.2% probability · 99.33th percentile

Inspect raw assertion

Field: model_probability
Value: Probability 0.682020000000; percentile 0.993300000000

Source dateOct 21, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 21, 2026Original evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →

13Underlying assertions

12Canonical products

13Target assertions

0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries

Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

Search scopeRoleOfficial link state

28 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1507Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.10240.0 to before 10.0.10240.20680 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.10240.0", "lessThan": "10.0.10240.20680", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1607Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.7070 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.7070", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1809Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.5936 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.5936", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1809Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.0 to before 10.0.17763.5936 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.5936", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 21H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.19044.0 to before 10.0.19044.4529 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.19044.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19044.4529", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 22H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.19045.0 to before 10.0.19045.4529 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.19045.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19045.4529", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 21H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22000.0 to before 10.0.22000.3019 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22000.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22000.3019", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 22H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22621.0 to before 10.0.22621.3737 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22621.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22621.3737", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 23H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.3737 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.3737", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 Version 23H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.3737 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.3737", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.7070 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.7070", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.7070 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.7070", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.5936 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.5936", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.5936 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.5936", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2022Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.2527 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.20348.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.2527", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.25398.0 to before 10.0.25398.950 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.25398.0", "lessThan": "10.0.25398.950", "versionType": "custom"}]

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_10_1507Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.10240.20680)Canonical identity product-9851bd571b8ab08bca589cd73710badfef557d036f0fb7707f694f1c9f597cb4Linked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 0
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.10240.20680
Match ID
cf7733fd-f870-4578-a567-9900ad6c78e3

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_10_1607Vulnerable target · 2 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.14393.7070)Canonical identity product-740fec3e9838b5eabe76ebe27e4d0d7a4cb2e0ef7e13923300d3d0b51e3fce1cLinked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertions

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 1
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.14393.7070
Match ID
0f5bfa22-d18b-47a8-b26f-882e0910fe6b
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 2
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.14393.7070
Match ID
1ea9f602-3e4b-4a9b-8d15-d8ca75ca859b

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_10_1809Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.17763.5936)Canonical identity product-a3084138383423221f61594e86f5b295e5e254acd7ae5284f45e0877a084db43Linked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 3
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.17763.5936
Match ID
9b52f95e-6080-46c6-b4b6-e2b3f3e78456

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_10_21h2Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.19044.4529)Canonical identity product-ec10c9f400f23fdf118887f60fe116ffde4adb76dcf118cdd3a7556fd033da3bLinked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 4
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.19044.4529
Match ID
1ceaf689-e8db-4d3c-bc2e-b386bc077bc5

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_10_22h2Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.19045.4529)Canonical identity product-a6295b9daad3ca57ce70751badba5b7fe99229c8a562cc7400e8cfef3daccaeeLinked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 5
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.19045.4529
Match ID
970f54fc-f4ed-49b9-be94-96b7212fd149

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_11_21h2Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.22000.3019)Canonical identity product-7fe28b5b5b17e017d9554204df059dd619746ffb5c80da87bcbfb1c52720d2f4Linked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 6
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.22000.3019
Match ID
84ecd6c0-8c47-4d2f-82b5-4f8c0bbc5fee

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_11_22h2Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.22621.3737)Canonical identity product-f8c509b6ec25f2a4338a23556be321da5a7c3e8da9f1a4c52f7f15dd0e9a0d2aLinked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 7
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.22621.3737
Match ID
4e80df17-1f27-474e-b147-9f5b6c494300

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_11_23h2Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.22631.3737)Canonical identity product-026201767813843a6d53867bacde4a55c3035cb868c0a72434012c5e30dab148Linked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 8
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.22631.3737
Match ID
4258468c-56cc-45c0-b510-fc833e942876

NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMmicrosoftwindows_server_2016Vulnerable target · 1 assertions

Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.0.14393.7070)Canonical identity product-02e254d111ce604757a15650ef469f4f8365d6247da82ce3ac2695c3cfc7dc5fLinked exact

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Official link
Linked exact
Role
Vulnerable target
Configuration
0 · node/0 · match 9
Logic
OR
Version bounds
through excluding 10.0.14393.7070
Match ID
fa61aaf0-d769-4287-aa5c-efdad067e9f1

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

0 canonical links · 2 source-reported links

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class: Direct cve affected
Assertions: 16
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Oct 22, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

0e83cda2-70bb-42ce-a31f-b6f5f2b7162b12096ce6-dc64-4c37-809c-bdf2fd052e65136e3f54-81fe-4133-849b-371681c700564467c641-a836-49bd-b2af-a1c86d22a09e58863230-1b0f-47d8-aa80-bf34287788475e042673-c205-4ab7-aaf7-4affbdd666bb77daac29-a4da-42a7-89b8-f854a9cf7cf682f9a26e-4823-4c70-b705-a75b1c5e2c7385b7f376-14ff-4e46-8119-a81ec616fa478c1558f9-5d67-4609-8d69-755b6f3ed48992487099-6cb0-4e3b-94bb-916636ef40979a1a675c-0960-4bba-a361-59c01387ac1aaf93b2eb-de5c-4b2e-bb19-c23334f9be7ab7e83f63-2b37-4054-a5ad-ce6699be3aa1c8bd1ef6-0404-4f99-8872-2d9ca6764360e85e2ce9-057a-4f79-8598-5673e002c735

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 13
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Oct 22, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

05c701de-ff57-4a20-9fef-043d02a9d1ea0b740192-29c5-4c7a-ab3e-cbe8e0dd35046a626fb7-6f6c-4166-89ce-ee1c4d9e0d9883572447-fbe3-42f6-b3c5-abc43700fb00882d859c-9c0d-4b8a-ae52-b8664b2f618e9d0e6697-5915-43d0-a1c3-f0e26ca58491a5d54744-06d8-45ef-8425-a757c599e1c3adf6d5de-64a2-4afb-9b32-80dde430f251c00e04b4-3821-42f0-9a88-96a6228d1857c400168c-5fe5-4e29-a14c-af21944a3685c7219514-94a1-4fed-92cc-45b05e87695ac8bfaa1f-ef83-4fea-afae-7a7ed0673802e244e95b-10da-445f-b5d6-33bebf3f7fc9

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.0

secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

7.0

microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.0Priority eligible

microsoft

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Validation: Valid match
Recomputed: 7.0
Decision reason: Evidence supported
Policy: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.