CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2024-38475

Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since May 1, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.1. EPSS estimates 100.0% exploit likelihood as of Jul 31, 2026.

89.5–91.1Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Improper escaping of output in mod_rewrite in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows an attacker to map URLs to filesystem locations that are permitted to be served by the server but are not intentionally/directly reachable by any URL, resulting in code execution or source code disclosure. Substitutions in server context that use a backreferences or variables as the first segment of the substitution are affected. Some unsafe RewiteRules will be broken by this change and the rewrite flag "UnsafePrefixStat" can be used to opt back in once ensuring the substitution is appropriately constrained.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jul 1, 2024
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Evidence coverage
95%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    apache

    Record text: Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path.
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 99.96% probability · 99.98th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.999570000000; percentile 0.999750000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date May 1, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood99.96%

FIRST EPSS · score date Jul 31, 2026 · 100th percentile · first observed Aug 1, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.1

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

apacheOriginal assertion
Record text

Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

99.96% probability · 99.98th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.999570000000; percentile 0.999750000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
12Underlying assertions
12Canonical products
7Target assertions
5Constraint assertions

Grouped from 12 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

15 scope groups

CISA-ADP · source assertedapachehttp_serverDirect source scope
Affected: 2.4.0 through 2.4.59 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "2.4.0", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "2.4.59"}]
apache · source assertedApache Software FoundationApache HTTP ServerDirect source scope
Affected: 2.4.0 through 2.4.59 (semver comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "2.4.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "2.4.59"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertednetappontap_9Direct source scope
Affected: 0 to before * (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONapachehttp_serverVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 2.4.0, < 2.4.60)Canonical identity product-9ac1ed1c70311d36a45c72f8dd14128e1f8de18b347393d0fa18e946c202b58bLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:apache:http_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 2.4.0; through excluding 2.4.60
    Match ID
    13126636-fd76-4e3e-b949-14a5082de02a
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONnetappontap_9Vulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-cdc5b574c61ca1dbae661871d09f03d704e671d291ef04b48719e8ee93a4502aLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:netapp:ontap_9:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    ad886814-b4a0-4764-9f08-2060601d8e89
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsonicwallsma_200Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-91e31bab8ca12568b55fbef81208d65415eb9ae4c788d26be09141b79c89fe9dLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sonicwall:sma_200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    2 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    0b190266-ad6f-401b-9b2e-061cdd539236
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsonicwallsma_200_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.2.1.14-75sv)Canonical identity product-1a893bd70f781870bc12b4b23d779710e6905e394bbc481fb889b05ce4182e74Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sonicwall:sma_200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    2 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.2.1.14-75sv
    Match ID
    7f9f8cff-f9a3-40ef-a630-62a2ac4681fa
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsonicwallsma_210Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-550c36468c01a04863339c98e9cf24a57015da41e26d7cfe3817f5627349f033Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sonicwall:sma_210:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    3 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    51587338-4a5f-41fc-9497-743f061947c2
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsonicwallsma_210_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.2.1.14-75sv)Canonical identity product-26a307663a0d7d21d37685d5626bda794a31e21aa834b2d2545700514a0e4c1bLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sonicwall:sma_210_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    3 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.2.1.14-75sv
    Match ID
    013150ec-d511-4219-8668-805b6e6ea43f
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsonicwallsma_400Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-281c97c08cce404bae4214669fa0d9b53f5e61e0badba682846d190c941a89dfLinked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sonicwall:sma_400:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    4 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9d728332-10c9-4508-b720-569d44e99543
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsonicwallsma_400_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.2.1.14-75sv)Canonical identity product-e8581ca167a037abd2310f553d0f4f5493779f3b17ce222e83b9e7f474047868Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sonicwall:sma_400_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    4 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.2.1.14-75sv
    Match ID
    e74e33fd-25f4-443d-b20e-e5be67310365
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsonicwallsma_410Environmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-7fe9cf3dc83085f07a35eb26b64c02c3a3315073c07277a9510b70c9dd839ef5Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sonicwall:sma_410:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    5 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9dfb8fbc-ffa4-4526-b306-d5692a43dc9e
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsonicwallsma_410_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.2.1.14-75sv)Canonical identity product-a7f75ceec8c377c339cb86a182bbed18843ccfe642ca6bfccc536cc48e24fa59Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sonicwall:sma_410_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    5 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.2.1.14-75sv
    Match ID
    e76e31c1-0dfa-4f7c-a7e9-9c9846ae6ed2
NVD CPE · HARDWAREsonicwallsma_500vEnvironmental constraint · 1 assertions
Version not applicableCanonical identity product-118b2d48e96ca7146730edba999d21029b9135d54c3f43c7114f1e7e733f30d6Linked exact
Scope constrained
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:h:sonicwall:sma_500v:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Environmental constraint
    Configuration
    6 · node/1 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    a6ad8a33-7ce4-4c66-9e23-f0c9c9638770
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMsonicwallsma_500v_firmwareVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 10.2.1.14-75sv)Canonical identity product-4d24eaf429e3956c478e6de21d2b4e05c1b566ac61b74443712441bbe07ce6adLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:o:sonicwall:sma_500v_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    6 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 10.2.1.14-75sv
    Match ID
    5e49b94a-119e-4c1d-81cd-3792f62afe00

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

7 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88ea7b4aa6d07152b297937bc7e73efc70d62904e8122e245a64c5b028d9fab0 · product-1a893bd70f781870bc12b4b23d779710e6905e394bbc481fb889b05ce4182e74

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
3b99bec9-087e-47f0-8f5a-f2d793871b9e
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88ea7b4aa6d07152b297937bc7e73efc70d62904e8122e245a64c5b028d9fab0 · product-26a307663a0d7d21d37685d5626bda794a31e21aa834b2d2545700514a0e4c1b

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
2c3d4e3c-ef7d-4d7a-aafa-f10ca74ea408
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88ea7b4aa6d07152b297937bc7e73efc70d62904e8122e245a64c5b028d9fab0 · product-4d24eaf429e3956c478e6de21d2b4e05c1b566ac61b74443712441bbe07ce6ad

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
7d8a84c5-1e96-4f4b-9cad-589245f6cacd
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-8771dac0ae5eeec984ca23e4bbe5a243fb7896ad7c1c4afc6acd3abe53fdd152 · product-9ac1ed1c70311d36a45c72f8dd14128e1f8de18b347393d0fa18e946c202b58b

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
92f4b417-10e3-4348-8b5a-ae7d38eaead1
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88ea7b4aa6d07152b297937bc7e73efc70d62904e8122e245a64c5b028d9fab0 · product-a7f75ceec8c377c339cb86a182bbed18843ccfe642ca6bfccc536cc48e24fa59

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
54918ff4-e8a5-4d8f-b5fa-2cc7da1fc566
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-d1dcf2e2192106a1eb34744930a80b83005fa5d60195c923256e69ac39974aed · product-cdc5b574c61ca1dbae661871d09f03d704e671d291ef04b48719e8ee93a4502a

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
8176a54b-6014-4323-b45e-1be947f1addc
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-88ea7b4aa6d07152b297937bc7e73efc70d62904e8122e245a64c5b028d9fab0 · product-e8581ca167a037abd2310f553d0f4f5493779f3b17ce222e83b9e7f474047868

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
2bca3ced-c926-4a47-82e8-c614df5e291b
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
cc1b4327-7ae5-48d1-b7e0-1488f1b45e57e7682912-8a67-4e4f-9fe2-d7dad3c1ef83fba20c49-bba8-4a07-a619-523f1bc5fbf4

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.1
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
9.1
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
9.1
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.1Priority eligible

CISA-ADP

CVSS 3.1 · Secondary · Independent enrichment · rank 2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.