CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2024-9474

PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Web Management Interface

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Nov 18, 2024). palo_alto reports CVSS 4.0 6.9. Severity assessments differ within at least one CVSS version. EPSS estimates 94.7% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

74.2–88.4Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allows a PAN-OS administrator with access to the management web interface to perform actions on the firewall with root privileges. Cloud NGFW and Prisma Access are not impacted by this vulnerability.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Nov 18, 2024
Updated
Aug 4, 2026
Evidence coverage
72%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Management Interface OS Command Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Management Interface OS Command Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    palo_alto

    Record text: PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Web Management Interface

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Web Management Interface
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 94.69% probability · 99.85th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.946870000000; percentile 0.998500000000
    Original evidence ↗

Assessments differ

NVD7.2CVSS 3.1 · source date omitted
psirt@paloaltonetworks.com6.9CVSS 4.0 · source date omitted

Values are shown separately by source and CVSS version.

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Nov 18, 2024 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood94.69%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 99.9th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityAssessments differ

palo_alto · CVSS 4.0 · first observed Aug 4, 2026 · values shown separately below

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentAssessments differ

Eligible assertions materially conflict and remain visible side by side.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve conflict
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Management Interface OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Management Interface OS Command Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
palo_altoOriginal assertion
Record text

PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Web Management Interface

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Web Management Interface
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

94.69% probability · 99.85th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.946870000000; percentile 0.998500000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
13Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
13Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

9 scope groups

CISA-ADP · source assertedpaloaltonetworkspan-osDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedpaloaltonetworkspan-osDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedpaloaltonetworkspan-osDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedpaloaltonetworkspan-osDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
CISA-ADP · source assertedpaloaltonetworkspan-osDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
palo_alto · source assertedPalo Alto NetworksCloud NGFWDirect source scope
Unaffected: All
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "unaffected", "version": "All"}]
palo_alto · source assertedPalo Alto NetworksPAN-OSDirect source scope
Affected: 11.2.0 to before 11.2.4-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.1.0 to before 11.1.5-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6-h1 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.2.0 to before 10.2.12-h2 (custom comparison)Affected: 10.1.0 to before 10.1.14-h6 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "11.2.0", "lessThan": "11.2.4-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.1.0", "lessThan": "11.1.5-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "11.0.0", "lessThan": "11.0.6-h1", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.2.0", "lessThan": "10.2.12-h2", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "10.1.0", "lessThan": "10.1.14-h6", "versionType": "custom"}]
palo_alto · source assertedPalo Alto NetworksPrisma AccessDirect source scope
Unaffected: All
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "unaffected", "version": "All"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMpaloaltonetworkspan-osVulnerable target · 13 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 10.1.0, < 10.1.14); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 10.2.0, < 10.2.12); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 11.0.0, < 11.0.6); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 11.1.0, < 11.1.5); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 11.2.0, < 11.2.4); Version 10.1.14; Version 10.2.12; Version 11.0.6; Version 11.1.5; Version 11.2.4Canonical identity product-612afb736440531327cd224402d663e14e2a3f421cc65267d8acade0f3b99df7Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 11.1.0; through excluding 11.1.5
    Match ID
    413284ac-f55e-4037-90d4-d63a5ffc20c3
  2. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 11.0.0; through excluding 11.0.6
    Match ID
    47cbeece-ea41-4a58-8ae9-d695c76d4019
  3. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 10.2.0; through excluding 10.2.12
    Match ID
    7d294ccb-c898-444e-bd41-d423b96f8e23
  4. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.12:h1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 9
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    fb95d77f-1263-4d47-a0bb-94a6da937115
  5. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:11.2.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 12
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    c01ad190-f3c2-4349-a063-8c5c78b725b9
  6. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 11.2.0; through excluding 11.2.4
    Match ID
    7e4d3a51-0a40-4b19-aafc-a2484b1cf5d7
  7. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.12:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 8
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    3d33a0fb-7538-42bf-84e8-7ccd7eef9355
  8. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    65949a49-03a7-491c-b327-127f050ac4f6
  9. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    e8acb147-b4c1-4964-b538-eaa117cc6dc1
  10. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:11.0.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 10
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2b6c3aff-3649-484c-a2fb-b71ee02ff176
  11. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:11.1.5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 11
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    7b2c0e11-a6ce-419d-86a0-3930de25b544
  12. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 10.1.0; through excluding 10.1.14
    Match ID
    19d52dc1-4441-4c88-b209-9b86fcc2162f
  13. cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    b41a7115-a370-49e1-b162-24803e6dd2cb

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

0 canonical links · 2 source-reported links

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
8
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
42144520-f3f8-40bf-a038-767f97fb418b70790570-1bb0-4f2e-aacb-48040617a6299dcd9dd5-7304-43b4-a219-d426397c00b9a9a9c187-d886-441d-a586-8e347c1b5849b0ba5ad2-f6bb-4332-b210-d3ef1808a810c784f691-e9db-415e-9a75-0e9f93f1b2cfd430ab6a-f770-4de8-bfac-a002533372fcf85ce07a-887e-4a51-a9e4-0873d80870ff
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
13
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
0901826b-2cff-4d51-bbe4-0ce475c41346153b263d-b59f-4e9d-83a8-a1898fbfc20d37c60d83-389c-4d55-b07e-f3bb2167f1ae4712c28b-8ef6-4acb-8c9d-ff50df2eb2254ad61eab-e261-436d-bd88-8eeb3e1a64774bbb72c2-d042-4e06-a7b7-488e2a0ebd1b614b0b93-d8b4-47f4-bc1a-4b383852c13a9d9ce5a2-526c-49b4-be19-e207d53bab0eb4704777-ae51-4217-8c9b-e1077d4c39a6c635f1a9-602f-4fdb-b6cb-2ddd8161a77fc6bf042a-aee8-48c6-b571-734f7c771fe9e98d86ad-70df-4e3a-a940-cae7b31a514aef0b429d-a36d-407a-b95b-5fff118d5527

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.2
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.9
psirt@paloaltonetworks.comCVSS 4.0 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Red
6.9
palo_altoCVSS 4.0 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Red
5.9
palo_altoCVSS 4.0 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Red

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

5.9Priority eligible

palo_alto

CVSS 4.0 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Red
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
5.9
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
6.9Priority eligible

palo_alto

CVSS 4.0 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Red
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
6.9
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.