CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-11953

Command injection in React Native Community CLI allows remote attackers to perform remote code execution by sending HTTP requests

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Feb 5, 2026). JFROG reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. EPSS estimates 94.0% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

86.5–88.1Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

The Metro Development Server, which is opened by the React Native Community CLI, binds to external interfaces by default. The server exposes an endpoint that is vulnerable to OS command injection. This allows unauthenticated network attackers to send a POST request to the server and run arbitrary executables. On Windows, the attackers can also execute arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Nov 3, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
97%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

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    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    JFROG

    Record text: Command injection in React Native Community CLI allows remote attackers to perform remote code execution by sending HTTP requests

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Command injection in React Native Community CLI allows remote attackers to perform remote code execution by sending HTTP requests
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 93.98% probability · 99.84th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.939800000000; percentile 0.998380000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Feb 5, 2026 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood93.98%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 99.8th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.8

JFROG · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
JFROGOriginal assertion
Record text

Command injection in React Native Community CLI allows remote attackers to perform remote code execution by sending HTTP requests

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Command injection in React Native Community CLI allows remote attackers to perform remote code execution by sending HTTP requests
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

93.98% probability · 99.84th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.939800000000; percentile 0.998380000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
5Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
5Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

JFROG · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope
Affected: 4.8.0 to before 20.0.0 (semver comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "4.8.0", "lessThan": "20.0.0", "versionType": "semver"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONreact-native-communityreact_native_community_cliVulnerable target · 5 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 19.0.0, < 19.1.2); Version 18.0.0; Version 20.0.0Canonical identity product-f3ba46d6d2a812df048567b907642d699a1367a11383085c08045548fc00a9efLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:react-native-community:react_native_community_cli:20.0.0:alpha0:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    681e0d24-769a-4a3c-b19a-b260114b7291
  2. cpe:2.3:a:react-native-community:react_native_community_cli:20.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    d3bbb26f-fab1-49bb-a7ee-e9fdf0797b01
  3. cpe:2.3:a:react-native-community:react_native_community_cli:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 19.0.0; through excluding 19.1.2
    Match ID
    99e1fc34-6fdb-45f5-841f-f96c5012dc5c
  4. cpe:2.3:a:react-native-community:react_native_community_cli:18.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    2c0fca50-3de2-4cd3-87ab-ea793072e856
  5. cpe:2.3:a:react-native-community:react_native_community_cli:20.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    84d809f4-d4ff-44f4-857f-294d208f5c9e

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-c974788681133f500163007aa582aa418b633dc9381dc7e5e0eb617db3996bac · product-f3ba46d6d2a812df048567b907642d699a1367a11383085c08045548fc00a9ef

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
5
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
49f0c431-dc79-498a-a26d-63bab16dd1148d87b748-8f25-4592-8cb1-0745f33979489071f5e8-75f9-435a-8ac9-28587d248a09de6bd2b4-46bb-47da-b856-7f121c19ef7fffcbdc76-c813-4b93-a9b3-b1036e0bb05c
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
3c81a2a3-90c1-423b-a503-767a0cc2f9a0

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
reefs@jfrog.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
JFROGCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.8Priority eligible

JFROG

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.8
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.