CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-14611

Gladinet CentreStack and TrioFox Hard Coded AES Keys

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Dec 15, 2025). Huntress reports CVSS 4.0 7.1. EPSS estimates 53.3% exploit likelihood as of Aug 26, 2026.

75.9–77.2Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox prior to version 16.12.10420.56791 used hardcoded values for their implementation of the AES cryptoscheme. This degrades security for public exposed endpoints that may make use of it and may offer arbitrary local file inclusion when provided a specially crafted request without authentication. This opens the door for future exploitation and can be leveraged with previous vulnerabilities to gain a full system compromise.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Dec 12, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
95%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    Huntress

    Record text: Gladinet CentreStack and TrioFox Hard Coded AES Keys

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Gladinet CentreStack and TrioFox Hard Coded AES Keys
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Hard Coded Cryptographic Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Hard Coded Cryptographic Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 53.3% probability · 98.9th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.533020000000; percentile 0.989030000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Dec 15, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood53.30%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 26, 2026 · 98.9th percentile · first observed Aug 26, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.1

Huntress · CVSS 4.0 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
HuntressOriginal assertion
Record text

Gladinet CentreStack and TrioFox Hard Coded AES Keys

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Gladinet CentreStack and TrioFox Hard Coded AES Keys
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Hard Coded Cryptographic Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Hard Coded Cryptographic Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

53.3% probability · 98.9th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.533020000000; percentile 0.989030000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
2Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
2Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

3 scope groups

Huntress · source assertedGladinetCentreStack and TrioFoxDirect source scope
Affected: 0 to before 16.12.10420.56791 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "16.12.10420.56791", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONgladinetcentrestackVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 16.12.10420.56791)Canonical identity product-1eeb0547193316211bd2a38b7afaa922831821ee96a27cb78d408d4c42d0b757Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:gladinet:centrestack:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 16.12.10420.56791
    Match ID
    bbe25a56-77b1-415b-a1eb-186627adf753
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONgladinettriofoxVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 16.12.10420.56791)Canonical identity product-07088159044c57e39092649a4734cc5e3816990c309cc356b894fd1b4ca296fdLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:gladinet:triofox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 16.12.10420.56791
    Match ID
    4e01a5df-260e-4838-9b8c-34f059079dc8

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

2 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-68b936121b7b3d9f572d04c5dcb453621680f8623258e3e84ca7dceb20e33639 · product-07088159044c57e39092649a4734cc5e3816990c309cc356b894fd1b4ca296fd

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
66cd6fdf-7097-4cd4-b6f1-3f802f32190c
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-68b936121b7b3d9f572d04c5dcb453621680f8623258e3e84ca7dceb20e33639 · product-1eeb0547193316211bd2a38b7afaa922831821ee96a27cb78d408d4c42d0b757

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
11d684d6-0516-4e93-a88e-e31f7c078c9e
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
9959f69c-179d-4aff-bf05-272d842c79a8

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.1
CVE Program sourceCVSS 4.0 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:A/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
7.1
HuntressCVSS 4.0 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:A

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

7.1Priority eligible

Huntress

CVSS 4.0 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
7.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.