CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-20333

A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an…

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Sep 25, 2025). cisco reports CVSS 3.1 9.9. EPSS estimates 70.7% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

85.1–87.3Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Sep 25, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
97%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    cisco

    Record text: A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 70.65% probability · 99.34th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.706510000000; percentile 0.993430000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Sep 25, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood70.65%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 99.3th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.9

cisco · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
ciscoOriginal assertion
Record text

A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

70.65% probability · 99.34th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.706510000000; percentile 0.993430000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
12Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
12Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 2 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

4 scope groups

cisco · source assertedCiscoCisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) SoftwareDirect source scope
Affected: 9.8.1Affected: 9.8.1.5Affected: 9.8.1.7Affected: 9.8.2Affected: 9.8.2.8Affected: 9.8.2.14Affected: 9.8.2.15Affected: 9.8.2.17Affected: 9.8.2.20Affected: 9.8.2.24Affected: 9.8.2.26Affected: 9.8.2.28Affected: 9.8.2.33Affected: 9.8.2.35Affected: 9.8.2.38Affected: 9.8.3.8Affected: 9.8.3.11Affected: 9.8.3.14Affected: 9.8.3.16Affected: 9.8.3.18Affected: 9.8.3.21Affected: 9.8.3Affected: 9.8.3.26Affected: 9.8.3.29Affected: 9.8.4Affected: 9.8.4.3Affected: 9.8.4.7Affected: 9.8.4.8Affected: 9.8.4.10Affected: 9.8.4.12Affected: 9.8.4.15Affected: 9.8.4.17Affected: 9.8.2.45Affected: 9.8.4.25Affected: 9.8.4.20Affected: 9.8.4.22Affected: 9.8.4.26Affected: 9.8.4.29Affected: 9.8.4.32Affected: 9.8.4.33Affected: 9.8.4.34Affected: 9.8.4.35Affected: 9.8.4.39Affected: 9.8.4.40Affected: 9.8.4.41Affected: 9.8.4.43Affected: 9.8.4.44Affected: 9.8.4.45Affected: 9.8.4.46Affected: 9.8.4.48Affected: 9.12.1Affected: 9.12.1.2Affected: 9.12.1.3Affected: 9.12.2Affected: 9.12.2.4Affected: 9.12.2.5Affected: 9.12.2.9Affected: 9.12.3Affected: 9.12.3.2Affected: 9.12.3.7Affected: 9.12.4Affected: 9.12.3.12Affected: 9.12.3.9Affected: 9.12.2.1Affected: 9.12.4.2Affected: 9.12.4.4Affected: 9.12.4.7Affected: 9.12.4.10Affected: 9.12.4.13Affected: 9.12.4.8Affected: 9.12.4.18Affected: 9.12.4.24Affected: 9.12.4.26Affected: 9.12.4.29Affected: 9.12.4.30Affected: 9.12.4.35Affected: 9.12.4.37Affected: 9.12.4.38Affected: 9.12.4.39Affected: 9.12.4.40Affected: 9.12.4.41Affected: 9.12.4.47Affected: 9.12.4.48Affected: 9.12.4.50Affected: 9.12.4.52Affected: 9.12.4.54Affected: 9.12.4.55Affected: 9.12.4.56Affected: 9.12.4.58Affected: 9.12.4.62Affected: 9.12.4.65Affected: 9.12.4.67Affected: 9.14.1Affected: 9.14.1.10Affected: 9.14.1.6Affected: 9.14.1.15Affected: 9.14.1.19Affected: 9.14.1.30Affected: 9.14.2Affected: 9.14.2.4Affected: 9.14.2.8Affected: 9.14.2.13Affected: 9.14.2.15Affected: 9.14.3Affected: 9.14.3.1Affected: 9.14.3.9Affected: 9.14.3.11Affected: 9.14.3.13Affected: 9.14.3.18Affected: 9.14.3.15Affected: 9.14.4Affected: 9.14.4.6Affected: 9.14.4.7Affected: 9.14.4.12Affected: 9.14.4.13Affected: 9.14.4.14Affected: 9.14.4.15Affected: 9.14.4.17Affected: 9.14.4.22Affected: 9.14.4.23Affected: 9.14.4.24Affected: 9.16.1Affected: 9.16.1.28Affected: 9.16.2Affected: 9.16.2.3Affected: 9.16.2.7Affected: 9.16.2.11Affected: 9.16.2.13Affected: 9.16.2.14Affected: 9.16.3Affected: 9.16.3.3Affected: 9.16.3.14Affected: 9.16.3.15Affected: 9.16.3.19Affected: 9.16.3.23Affected: 9.16.4Affected: 9.16.4.9Affected: 9.16.4.14Affected: 9.16.4.18Affected: 9.16.4.19Affected: 9.16.4.27Affected: 9.16.4.38Affected: 9.16.4.39Affected: 9.16.4.42Affected: 9.16.4.48Affected: 9.16.4.55Affected: 9.16.4.57Affected: 9.16.4.61Affected: 9.16.4.62Affected: 9.16.4.67Affected: 9.16.4.70Affected: 9.16.4.71Affected: 9.16.4.76Affected: 9.16.4.82Affected: 9.16.4.84Affected: 9.17.1Affected: 9.17.1.7Affected: 9.17.1.9Affected: 9.17.1.10Affected: 9.17.1.11Affected: 9.17.1.13Affected: 9.17.1.15Affected: 9.17.1.20Affected: 9.17.1.30Affected: 9.17.1.33Affected: 9.17.1.39Affected: 9.18.1Affected: 9.18.1.3Affected: 9.18.2Affected: 9.18.2.5Affected: 9.18.2.7Affected: 9.18.2.8Affected: 9.18.3Affected: 9.18.3.39Affected: 9.18.3.46Affected: 9.18.3.53Affected: 9.18.3.55Affected: 9.18.3.56Affected: 9.18.4Affected: 9.18.4.5Affected: 9.18.4.8Affected: 9.18.4.22Affected: 9.18.4.24Affected: 9.18.4.29Affected: 9.18.4.34Affected: 9.18.4.40Affected: 9.19.1Affected: 9.19.1.5Affected: 9.19.1.9Affected: 9.19.1.12Affected: 9.19.1.18Affected: 9.19.1.22Affected: 9.19.1.24Affected: 9.19.1.27Affected: 9.19.1.28Affected: 9.19.1.31Affected: 9.20.1Affected: 9.20.1.5Affected: 9.20.2Affected: 9.20.2.10Affected: 9.20.2.21Affected: 9.20.2.22Affected: 9.20.3Affected: 9.20.3.4Affected: 9.22.1.1Affected: 9.22.1.2
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.1.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.1.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.17"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.20"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.24"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.26"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.28"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.33"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.35"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.38"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.16"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.21"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.26"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.3.29"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.17"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.2.45"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.25"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.20"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.22"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.26"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.29"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.32"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.33"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.34"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.35"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.39"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.40"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.41"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.43"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.44"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.45"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.46"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.8.4.48"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.1.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.1.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.2.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.2.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.2.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.3.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.3.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.3.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.3.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.24"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.26"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.29"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.30"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.35"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.37"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.38"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.39"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.40"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.41"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.47"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.48"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.50"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.52"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.54"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.55"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.56"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.58"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.62"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.65"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.12.4.67"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1.19"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.1.30"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.2.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.2.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.2.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.2.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.3.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.17"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.22"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.23"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.14.4.24"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.1.28"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.2.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3.19"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.3.23"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.19"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.27"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.38"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.39"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.42"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.48"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.55"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.57"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.61"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.62"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.67"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.70"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.71"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.76"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.82"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.16.4.84"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.20"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.30"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.33"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.17.1.39"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.1.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.2.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.2.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.2.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3.39"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3.46"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3.53"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3.55"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.3.56"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.22"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.24"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.29"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.34"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.18.4.40"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.22"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.24"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.27"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.28"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.19.1.31"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.1.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.2.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.2.21"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.2.22"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.20.3.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.22.1.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "9.22.1.2"}]
cisco · source assertedCiscoCisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) SoftwareDirect source scope
Affected: 6.2.3Affected: 6.2.3.1Affected: 6.2.3.2Affected: 6.2.3.3Affected: 6.2.3.4Affected: 6.2.3.5Affected: 6.2.3.6Affected: 6.2.3.7Affected: 6.2.3.8Affected: 6.2.3.10Affected: 6.2.3.11Affected: 6.2.3.9Affected: 6.2.3.12Affected: 6.2.3.13Affected: 6.2.3.14Affected: 6.2.3.15Affected: 6.2.3.16Affected: 6.2.3.17Affected: 6.2.3.18Affected: 6.6.0Affected: 6.6.0.1Affected: 6.6.1Affected: 6.6.3Affected: 6.6.4Affected: 6.6.5Affected: 6.6.5.1Affected: 6.6.5.2Affected: 6.6.7Affected: 6.6.7.1Affected: 6.6.7.2Affected: 6.4.0Affected: 6.4.0.1Affected: 6.4.0.3Affected: 6.4.0.2Affected: 6.4.0.4Affected: 6.4.0.5Affected: 6.4.0.6Affected: 6.4.0.7Affected: 6.4.0.8Affected: 6.4.0.9Affected: 6.4.0.10Affected: 6.4.0.11Affected: 6.4.0.12Affected: 6.4.0.13Affected: 6.4.0.14Affected: 6.4.0.15Affected: 6.4.0.16Affected: 6.4.0.17Affected: 6.4.0.18Affected: 7.0.0Affected: 7.0.0.1Affected: 7.0.1Affected: 7.0.1.1Affected: 7.0.2Affected: 7.0.2.1Affected: 7.0.3Affected: 7.0.4Affected: 7.0.5Affected: 7.0.6Affected: 7.0.6.1Affected: 7.0.6.2Affected: 7.0.6.3Affected: 7.0.7Affected: 7.0.8Affected: 7.1.0Affected: 7.1.0.1Affected: 7.1.0.2Affected: 7.1.0.3Affected: 7.2.0Affected: 7.2.0.1Affected: 7.2.1Affected: 7.2.2Affected: 7.2.3Affected: 7.2.4Affected: 7.2.4.1Affected: 7.2.5Affected: 7.2.5.1Affected: 7.2.6Affected: 7.2.7Affected: 7.2.5.2Affected: 7.2.8Affected: 7.2.8.1Affected: 7.3.0Affected: 7.3.1Affected: 7.3.1.1Affected: 7.3.1.2Affected: 7.4.0Affected: 7.4.1Affected: 7.4.1.1Affected: 7.4.2Affected: 7.4.2.1Affected: 7.4.2.2Affected: 7.4.2.3Affected: 7.6.0
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.16"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.17"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.3.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.5.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.5.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.7.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.6.7.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.9"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.11"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.12"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.13"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.15"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.16"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.17"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "6.4.0.18"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.1.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.6.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.6.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.6.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.1.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.1.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.1.0.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.1.0.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.4.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.5"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.5.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.6"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.5.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.8"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.8.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.3.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.3.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.3.1.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.3.1.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.1.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.2.2"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.2.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.6.0"}]
NVD CPE · OPERATING SYSTEMciscoadaptive_security_appliance_softwareVulnerable target · 8 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.12, < 9.12.4.72); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.14, < 9.14.4.28); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.16, < 9.16.4.85); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.17.0, < 9.17.1.45); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.18, < 9.18.4.47); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.19, < 9.19.1.37); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.20, < 9.20.3.7); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 9.22, < 9.22.1.3)Canonical identity product-4f9b01b0d2b49f62a97941ed22de23d9f3ec08f598a5617c413c154933c87a27Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.17.0; through excluding 9.17.1.45
    Match ID
    da289fe8-f22b-4709-8bd9-5c3774922491
  2. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.14; through excluding 9.14.4.28
    Match ID
    9ad381ce-3b2e-4633-aa43-7a82ba7d39cf
  3. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.18; through excluding 9.18.4.47
    Match ID
    80858cab-e722-4b07-b7fb-56b31d49dd56
  4. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.19; through excluding 9.19.1.37
    Match ID
    fe2128f5-be28-4ee8-aca7-e4691bf0058a
  5. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 7
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.22; through excluding 9.22.1.3
    Match ID
    6526adf9-ba83-451b-8331-b15877954f77
  6. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.12; through excluding 9.12.4.72
    Match ID
    775b3d5f-25d3-4b1c-9ba2-985263a6ce83
  7. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 6
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.20; through excluding 9.20.3.7
    Match ID
    e1b37e40-eb7c-4587-9aa8-9c47ba04ae0d
  8. cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 9.16; through excluding 9.16.4.85
    Match ID
    b8d232a4-8ab6-4b7b-a603-4f31b8bae40c
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONciscofirepower_threat_defenseVulnerable target · 4 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.8.1); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.1.0, < 7.2.9); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.3.0, < 7.4.2.4); Version 7.6.0Canonical identity product-0592c4f8ad106ab59a79a9d85898a9bdbd87550fa42008d1f27114d8b94a3910Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.0.0; through excluding 7.0.8.1
    Match ID
    dac10ecf-61d6-495f-9377-fe4df6cf02fc
  2. cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.3.0; through excluding 7.4.2.4
    Match ID
    c63dab4e-72e6-4016-b665-9957a69f49f1
  3. cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.1.0; through excluding 7.2.9
    Match ID
    c3a6c96b-2873-4f94-b136-e5f6436de16f
  4. cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    1 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    76b73f03-93b6-48c3-bf97-feaf26895a2d

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

2 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-0774b265c0e837e737aaf99ed0f2450c048e61f34267ca59d8623878b839334e · product-0592c4f8ad106ab59a79a9d85898a9bdbd87550fa42008d1f27114d8b94a3910

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
4
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
19a8b1b5-921a-4685-9662-4a0978c6df063b85b4c4-46f0-4736-bc71-3485edc8dd217170fc06-c0e7-438c-92f3-b564d26802a8944b408f-bff1-4afb-a694-598bb40608a8
Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-0774b265c0e837e737aaf99ed0f2450c048e61f34267ca59d8623878b839334e · product-4f9b01b0d2b49f62a97941ed22de23d9f3ec08f598a5617c413c154933c87a27

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
8
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
51c3fd14-9499-4fc1-8341-1be11afdc9695fa1eae8-b78f-4d54-bf49-52a2951220d490d4b9a2-3f4f-4056-9d4b-46b18a01cf0facdcc324-fd9f-4558-bdb9-f1d85c71c311c8b2f228-53b4-4e13-9f4e-7701ef55edf3d11c880b-1ecb-492b-bc5a-0bee3ccefb57d9029714-c276-447f-b931-07c0ac103a98ed3612a9-52c5-473e-ba3b-a2e9942009be
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
2
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
4a5ca0c0-95a8-48ea-a3f0-93bd9e523df25112816a-7635-4d7f-be9a-d662963a407d

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.9
psirt@cisco.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.9
ciscoCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.9Priority eligible

cisco

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
9.9
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.