Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-22224

CVE-2025-22224

63.0–80.7Priority evidence range

As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

VMware ESXi, and Workstation contain a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.

State: PUBLISHED
Published: Mar 4, 2025
Updated: Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage: 72%

CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS1.52%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 71.8%

Source stateConflict visible

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment

container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

vmwareoriginal assertion

container

VMware ESXi, and Workstation contain a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.

Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

CISA KEVoriginal assertion

observed_exploitation

VMware ESXi and Workstation TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability

Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion

model_probability

Probability 0.015240000000; percentile 0.718350000000

Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →

VMwareESXi

[{"status": "affected", "version": "8.0", "lessThan": "ESXi80U3d-24585383", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "8.0", "lessThan": "ESXi80U2d-24585300", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0", "lessThan": "ESXi70U3s-24585291", "versionType": "custom"}]

unknown

VMwareTelco Cloud Infrastructure

[{"status": "affected", "version": "3.x, 2.x"}]unknown

VMwareTelco Cloud Platform

[{"status": "affected", "version": "5.x, 4.x, 3.x, 2.x"}]unknown

VMwareVMware Cloud Foundation

[{"status": "affected", "version": "5.x, 4.5.x"}]unknown

VMwareWorkstation

[{"status": "affected", "version": "17.x", "lessThan": "17.6.3", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:cloud_foundation:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_infrastructure:2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_infrastructure:2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_infrastructure:2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_infrastructure:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:4.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:telco_cloud_platform:5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:workstation:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; start including 17.0; end excluding 17.6.3supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1a:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1b:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1d:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_1e:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_2a:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_2c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_2d:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_2e:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3d:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3e:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3f:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3g:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3i:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3j:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3k:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3l:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3m:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3n:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3o:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3p:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3q:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:7.0:update_3r:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:a:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:b:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_1a:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_1c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_1d:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_2b:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_2c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_3:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_3b:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Unknown vendorUnknown product

cpe:2.3:o:vmware:esxi:8.0:update_3c:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.2

nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

9.3

security@vmware.comCVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

9.3

vmwareCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.