CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-22457

CVE-2025-22457

82.5–99.5Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Apr 3, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
85%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations as set forth in the CISA instructions linked below.

FIRST EPSS99.98%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 100.0%

Source stateNo scored conflict

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

ivantioriginal assertion
container

A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.999790000000; percentile 0.999800000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
IvantiConnect Secure
[{"status": "unaffected", "version": "22.7R2.6", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
IvantiNeurons for ZTA gateways
[{"status": "unaffected", "version": "22.8R2.2", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
IvantiPolicy Secure
[{"status": "unaffected", "version": "22.7R1.4", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:*:-:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 22.7supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:connect_secure:22.7:r2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:*:-:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 22.7supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:22.7:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:22.7:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:22.7:r1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:22.7:r1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:policy_secure:22.7:r1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:zero_trust_access_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 22.8supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:zero_trust_access_gateway:22.8:-:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:zero_trust_access_gateway:22.8:r2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.0
3c1d8aa1-5a33-4ea4-8992-aadd6440af75CVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.0
ivantiCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.