CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-25257

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb…

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Jul 18, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 9.8. EPSS estimates 99.8% exploit likelihood as of Aug 18, 2026.

87.1–88.7Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jul 17, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
97%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CVE Program

    Record text: CVE Program Container

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CVE Program Container
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    fortinet

    Record text: An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  5. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 99.77% probability · 99.96th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.997720000000; percentile 0.999560000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Jul 18, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood99.77%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 18, 2026 · 100th percentile · first observed Aug 18, 2026

SeverityCVSS 9.8

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CVE ProgramDerivative copy
Record text

CVE Program Container

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CVE Program Container
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
fortinetOriginal assertion
Record text

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

99.77% probability · 99.96th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.997720000000; percentile 0.999560000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
4Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
4Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

fortinet · source assertedFortinetFortiWebDirect source scope
Affected: 7.6.0 through 7.6.3 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.4.0 through 7.4.7 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.2.0 through 7.2.10 (semver comparison)Affected: 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 (semver comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "7.6.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.6.3"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.4.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.2.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.10"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "7.0.0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.10"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONfortinetfortiwebVulnerable target · 4 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.11); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.11); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.4.0, < 7.4.8); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 7.6.0, < 7.6.4)Canonical identity product-15a43ba8d2b90a2d16e3e4f3e6a8e201fcada62b37c38b9338e53bb9c21d245fLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.2.0; through excluding 7.2.11
    Match ID
    b642678e-4e31-4a6b-a791-acd5d332b175
  2. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.6.0; through excluding 7.6.4
    Match ID
    2b739434-1979-43f9-aec1-d287b1bca5ca
  3. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.4.0; through excluding 7.4.8
    Match ID
    ca8de17c-1756-4b18-a956-a52cfa0967b9
  4. cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 7.0.0; through excluding 7.0.11
    Match ID
    7e739890-cfea-4b7b-b78d-8cc8157bdf54

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-a82aadab6a309189375ddbea412e10a6aef0b5411f0ae9526eeafad0e62c10e6 · product-15a43ba8d2b90a2d16e3e4f3e6a8e201fcada62b37c38b9338e53bb9c21d245f

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
4
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
4222f0e3-6ded-4764-b4e3-8b82addc8a3f57425e47-eaf7-4492-bfa5-a46093ed2237aff9e344-5821-4bc9-a30e-c38f6f995ecde4ce9add-c5c1-412d-9f14-724b8a9e4d3a
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
2a7e6c2a-059d-4fec-afbe-4c2f301604e0

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
psirt@fortinet.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.6
fortinetCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:X/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

9.6Display only

fortinet

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RC:C
Validation
Base mismatch
Recomputed
9.8
Decision reason
Outside current scoring policy
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.