CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-3935

ScreenConnect Exposure to ASP.NET ViewState Code Injection

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Jun 2, 2025). NVD reports CVSS 3.1 7.2. EPSS estimates 3.4% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

64.3–68.1Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

ScreenConnect versions 25.2.3 and earlier versions may be susceptible to a ViewState code injection attack. ASP.NET Web Forms use ViewState to preserve page and control state, with data encoded using Base64 protected by machine keys. It is important to note that to obtain these machine keys, privileged system level access must be obtained. If these machine keys are compromised, attackers could create and send a malicious ViewState to the website, potentially leading to remote code execution on the server. The risk does not originate from a vulnerability introduced by ScreenConnect, but from platform level behavior. This had no direct impact to ScreenConnect Client. ScreenConnect 2025.4 patch disables ViewState and removes any dependency on it.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Apr 25, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
92%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    ConnectWise

    Record text: ScreenConnect Exposure to ASP.NET ViewState Code Injection

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    ScreenConnect Exposure to ASP.NET ViewState Code Injection
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: ConnectWise ScreenConnect Improper Authentication Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    ConnectWise ScreenConnect Improper Authentication Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 3.39% probability · 87.94th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.033920000000; percentile 0.879350000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Jun 2, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood3.39%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 87.9th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 7.2

NVD · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
ConnectWiseOriginal assertion
Record text

ScreenConnect Exposure to ASP.NET ViewState Code Injection

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
ScreenConnect Exposure to ASP.NET ViewState Code Injection
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

ConnectWise ScreenConnect Improper Authentication Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
ConnectWise ScreenConnect Improper Authentication Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

3.39% probability · 87.94th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.033920000000; percentile 0.879350000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
1Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
1Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

ConnectWise · source assertedConnectWiseScreenConnectDirect source scope
Affected: <25.2.3
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "<25.2.3"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONconnectwisescreenconnectVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 25.2.4)Canonical identity product-4aec142e3df8849b3225c139d382baf7c23daacf19ea8ad6b1f712b4269681fcLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:connectwise:screenconnect:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 25.2.4
    Match ID
    552c1cc0-4f75-4c28-acef-ef1c1ad50ec2

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-e90f0f03881a369a1a43987472c266821810ee24cf97a47e2e952de8a784a09b · product-4aec142e3df8849b3225c139d382baf7c23daacf19ea8ad6b1f712b4269681fc

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
1a92d395-9f9c-4751-a509-7db730c09df4
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
56c2fae5-e574-4aed-94fc-e57818e09706

Assessments

CVSS by origin

7.2
NVDCVSS 3.1 · role Primary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.1
CVE Program sourceCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.1
ConnectWiseCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.1Priority eligible

ConnectWise

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
8.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.