CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-49706

Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Jul 22, 2025). microsoft reports CVSS 3.1 6.5. EPSS estimates 99.9% exploit likelihood as of Aug 18, 2026.

76.2–83.6Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Improper authentication in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Jul 8, 2025
Updated
Aug 4, 2026
Evidence coverage
85%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

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  1. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft SharePoint Improper Authentication Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Microsoft SharePoint Improper Authentication Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    microsoft

    Record text: Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 99.87% probability · 99.96th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.998650000000; percentile 0.999630000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Jul 22, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood99.87%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 18, 2026 · 100th percentile · first observed Aug 18, 2026

SeverityCVSS 6.5

microsoft · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Aug 4, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft SharePoint Improper Authentication Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft SharePoint Improper Authentication Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
microsoftOriginal assertion
Record text

Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

99.87% probability · 99.96th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.998650000000; percentile 0.999630000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
3Underlying assertions
2Canonical products
3Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

5 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016Direct source scope
Affected: 16.0.0 to before 16.0.5508.1000 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "16.0.0", "lessThan": "16.0.5508.1000", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft SharePoint Server 2019Direct source scope
Affected: 16.0.0 to before 16.0.10417.20027 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "16.0.0", "lessThan": "16.0.10417.20027", "versionType": "custom"}]
microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftMicrosoft SharePoint Server Subscription EditionDirect source scope
Affected: 16.0.0 to before 16.0.18526.20424 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "16.0.0", "lessThan": "16.0.18526.20424", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftsharepoint_enterprise_serverVulnerable target · 1 assertions
Version 2016Canonical identity product-81bbbbe8a69dacc8bf68626ae50993d4e7c4532234dc81fc9c5362c8fcf4a91dLinked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertion
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sharepoint_enterprise_server:2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    9c082cc4-6128-475d-bc19-b239e348fdb2
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONmicrosoftsharepoint_serverVulnerable target · 2 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (< 16.0.18526.20424); Version 2019Canonical identity product-77f9def9702aa8ece74aa62c4de32bc72b167cb6f10f2eff44492cf46afc2e03Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sharepoint_server:2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    No explicit bounds
    Match ID
    6122d014-5bf1-4af4-8b4d-80205ed7785e
  2. cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sharepoint_server:*:*:*:*:subscription:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    through excluding 16.0.18526.20424
    Match ID
    b006e0d5-dedf-490a-9bc6-d2dc34df98b2

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

0 canonical links · 2 source-reported links

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
5f651288-2344-40f5-ae81-894a89b811c67e78d9eb-535d-4fd6-b4e2-708d20efce7896688b12-2f11-4c44-9965-d366e3456a56
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
3
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
1b0b7dc0-85c8-4aab-8252-3253056a402b75630515-e1fb-4a2f-94fd-6e9413629bc3f69f2640-b827-4b97-84c8-2a2eb5edb063

Assessments

CVSS by origin

6.5
secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.5
microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

6.5Priority eligible

microsoft

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
6.5
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.