CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-59287

Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

84.5–99.5Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

Deserialization of untrusted data in Windows Server Update Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Oct 14, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
85%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS99.96%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 100.0%

Source stateNo scored conflict

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

microsoftoriginal assertion
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Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Microsoft Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.999620000000; percentile 0.999760000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012
[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.9200.0", "lessThan": "6.2.9200.25728", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2
[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.9600.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.22826", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.9600.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.22826", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.2.9200.0", "lessThan": "6.2.9200.25728", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2016
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.8524", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.8524", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2019
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.7922", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.7922", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2022
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.20348.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.4297", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.25398.0", "lessThan": "10.0.25398.1916", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2025
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.6905", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
MicrosoftWindows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.6905", "versionType": "custom"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 10.0.14393.8524supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 10.0.17763.7922supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 10.0.20348.4297supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 10.0.25398.1916supported
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end excluding 10.0.26100.6905supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.