CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2025-59689

Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Sep 29, 2025). mitre reports CVSS 3.1 6.1. EPSS estimates 1.9% exploit likelihood as of Aug 27, 2026.

60.6–62.2Priority evidence range
Evidence current through Aug 27, 2026, 6:09 PM UTC

As of Aug 27, 2026

Normalized restatement

Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Sep 19, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Evidence coverage
97%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →
  1. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA-ADP

    Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    CISA ADP Vulnrichment
    Original evidence ↗
  2. Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCA
    mitre

    Record text: Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    container
    Value
    Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.
    Original evidence ↗
  3. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    CISA KEV

    Exploitation cataloged: Libraesva Email Security Gateway Command Injection Vulnerability

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    observed_exploitation
    Value
    Libraesva Email Security Gateway Command Injection Vulnerability
    Original evidence ↗
  4. Source dateFirst observed by CASCA
    FIRST EPSS

    EPSS score: 1.86% probability · 77.73th percentile

    Inspect raw assertion
    Field
    model_probability
    Value
    Probability 0.018640000000; percentile 0.777320000000
    Original evidence ↗
ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Sep 29, 2025 · first observed Jul 19, 2026

Exploit likelihood1.86%

FIRST EPSS · score date Aug 27, 2026 · 77.7th percentile · first observed Aug 27, 2026

SeverityCVSS 6.1

mitre · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Jul 19, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1
Exploitation statusEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
None
Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision
casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Resolution
Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment
Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
mitreOriginal assertion
Record text

Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.

Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
CISA KEVOriginal assertion
Exploitation cataloged

Libraesva Email Security Gateway Command Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Libraesva Email Security Gateway Command Injection Vulnerability
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion
EPSS score

1.86% probability · 77.73th percentile

Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.018640000000; percentile 0.777320000000
Source dateFirst observed by CASCAOriginal evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
6Underlying assertions
1Canonical products
6Target assertions
0Constraint assertions

Grouped from 1 configuration nodes in this exact snapshot. Visual grouping is navigational; asset exposure and root cause require cited evidence.

Identity source boundaries
  • Cpe dictionary1,775,266 records · observed through 2026-07-21T06:45:29.809Z27d65b0f-b718-4b4f-bb79-c47c68d09dfa
  • Cpe match643,502 records · observed through 2026-07-21T08:13:17.697Z955dae73-7302-438b-aee1-058d7cc5d48e

2 scope groups

mitre · source assertedLibraesvaEmail Security GatewayDirect source scope
Affected: 4.5 to before 5.0.31 (custom comparison)Affected: 5.1 to before 5.1.20 (custom comparison)Affected: 5.2 to before 5.2.31 (custom comparison)Affected: 5.3 to before 5.4.8 (custom comparison)Affected: 5.5 to before 5.5.7 (custom comparison)
Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion[{"status": "affected", "version": "4.5", "lessThan": "5.0.31", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.1", "lessThan": "5.1.20", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.2", "lessThan": "5.2.31", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.3", "lessThan": "5.4.8", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "5.5", "lessThan": "5.5.7", "versionType": "custom"}]
NVD CPE · APPLICATIONlibraesvaemail_security_gatewayVulnerable target · 6 assertions
Any version (unconstrained) (>= 4.5, < 5.0.31); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.1.0, < 5.1.20); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.2.0, < 5.2.31); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.3.0, < 5.3.16); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.4.0, < 5.4.8); Any version (unconstrained) (>= 5.5.0, < 5.5.7)Canonical identity product-b18ee11d996da1e2ec091f8d0204eddb8b4c223e154cadefee5541f99f9c9943Linked exact
Scope supported
Inspect raw assertions
  1. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 1
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.1.0; through excluding 5.1.20
    Match ID
    a280a808-e1f6-4b0a-b44f-47e5c9152b36
  2. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 5
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.5.0; through excluding 5.5.7
    Match ID
    7cf82183-a726-4fee-95fa-4062c5f7feeb
  3. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 3
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.3.0; through excluding 5.3.16
    Match ID
    edc45835-d39b-47a1-be61-42cd7acd6988
  4. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 4
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.4.0; through excluding 5.4.8
    Match ID
    c2d53e14-0c5f-4de0-8785-f59a85107d9c
  5. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 0
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 4.5; through excluding 5.0.31
    Match ID
    c7388039-ae70-47f1-a389-ef05fcb34e61
  6. cpe:2.3:a:libraesva:email_security_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Official link
    Linked exact
    Role
    Vulnerable target
    Configuration
    0 · node/0 · match 2
    Logic
    OR
    Version bounds
    from including 5.2.0; through excluding 5.2.31
    Match ID
    62a71b25-7262-43cc-94e8-c92cc5932d86

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

1 canonical links · 1 source-reported links

Mapping establishedEvidence supported

vendor-435a92570011a8ee2f81c2d3881d430a42eb51fe4d92ae111119f3e747990fa8 · product-b18ee11d996da1e2ec091f8d0204eddb8b4c223e154cadefee5541f99f9c9943

Source class
Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions
6
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
57265f10-9896-4b78-82f7-0c6741636d3c6b837b9e-d4ca-46ae-aad1-8b07e20320509fefc3de-0bf4-41ad-9d12-288a87fa5a7dac2df92f-fcfc-4b76-b739-2b8ec8c78d3ec38fbf64-f1a2-476f-b76a-9a00cb8824e5fa0e995d-4271-4325-8db0-7aa1f780c4d5
Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class
Direct cve affected
Assertions
1
Mapping revision
cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff
Aug 27, 2026
Retained assertion IDs
43b7a806-7300-4d43-9ee0-b17a0726bc40

Assessments

CVSS by origin

6.1
cve@mitre.orgCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1
mitreCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

6.1Priority eligible

mitre

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Validation
Valid match
Recomputed
6.1
Decision reason
Evidence supported
Policy
casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
  • OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
  • Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
  • Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.