Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Evidence dossier
CVE-2025-68613
n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection
81.8–99.5Priority evidence range
gen-56ccdaf9Normalized restatement
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to a patched version, which introduces additional safeguards to restrict expression evaluation. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only; and/or deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. These workarounds do not fully eliminate the risk and should only be used as short-term measures.
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Dec 19, 2025
- Updated
- Mar 12, 2026
- Evidence coverage
- 72%
2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.9%
Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.
Source comparison
Who said what
GitHub_Moriginal assertion
container
n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection
Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗
CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation
n8n Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources Vulnerability
Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗
FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability
Probability 0.978750000000; percentile 0.999010000000
Jul 19, 2026Original evidence ↗
Applicability
Cited product scope
n8n-ion8n
[{"status": "affected", "version": ">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "= 1.121.0"}]unknownUnknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:1.121.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*supportedUnknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*; start including 0.211.0; end excluding 1.120.4supportedAssessments
CVSS by origin
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role Primary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecurity-advisories@github.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HGitHub_MCVSS 3.1 · role unknown
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HLimitations and unknowns
- KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
- EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
- Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
- NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
- Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
- NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
- Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
- Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.