Evidence dossier

CVE-2026-96951

Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV since Oct 13, 2026). microsoft reports CVSS 3.1 8.8. EPSS estimates 1.5% exploit likelihood as of Oct 22, 2026.

64.5–77.8Priority evidence range

Evidence through Oct 22, 2026, 6:07 PM UTC

As of Oct 22, 2026

Normalized restatement

Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Shell allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.

State: PUBLISHED
Published: Oct 13, 2026
Updated: Oct 22, 2026
Evidence coverage: 85%

Evidence chronology

What was known when

Download this view's receipt →

Source dateOct 13, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 14, 2026
CISA KEV
Exploitation cataloged: Microsoft Windows Command Injection Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
observed_exploitation
Value
Microsoft Windows Command Injection Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026
CISA-ADP
Record text: CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Original evidence ↗
Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026
microsoft
Record text: Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Inspect raw assertion
Field
container
Value
Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Original evidence ↗
Source dateOct 22, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026
FIRST EPSS
EPSS score: 1.51% probability · 74.27th percentile
Inspect raw assertion
Field
model_probability
Value
Probability 0.015120000000; percentile 0.742690000000
Original evidence ↗

ExploitationCatalog member

CISA KEV · catalog date Oct 13, 2026 · first observed Oct 14, 2026

Exploit likelihood1.51%

FIRST EPSS · score date Oct 22, 2026 · 74.3th percentile · first observed Oct 22, 2026

SeverityCVSS 8.8

microsoft · CVSS 3.1 · first observed Oct 22, 2026 · same-version scores align in this snapshot

Evidence detail

Source limits and decisions

Why each evidence state has this value

casca-unknown-reasons-v1

Exploitation statusLast verified source snapshot retained

The last verified source boundary remains in force for this claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: Review source contract

Exploit likelihoodEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: evidence-policy-v1.1.0
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: None

Severity assessmentEvidence supported

Eligible evidence is present for this bounded claim.

Revision: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: None

Affected productsSource-reported scope

The cited source assertion is retained while canonical product linkage remains open.

Revision: casca-factor-d-obligations-v1
Cutoff: Oct 22, 2026
Resolution: Resolve identity

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA KEVOriginal assertion

Exploitation cataloged

Microsoft Windows Command Injection Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: observed_exploitation
Value: Microsoft Windows Command Injection Vulnerability

Source dateOct 13, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 14, 2026Original evidence ↗

CISA-ADPIndependent enrichment

Record text

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: CISA ADP Vulnrichment

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026Original evidence ↗

microsoftOriginal assertion

Record text

Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Inspect raw assertion

Field: container
Value: Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Source dateSource date omittedFirst observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026Original evidence ↗

FIRST EPSSOriginal assertion

EPSS score

1.51% probability · 74.27th percentile

Inspect raw assertion

Field: model_probability
Value: Probability 0.015120000000; percentile 0.742690000000

Source dateOct 22, 2026First observed by CASCAOct 22, 2026Original evidence ↗

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →

Search scopeRoleOfficial link state

46 scope groups

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftOutlook.comDirect source scope

Affected: 1.0.0 to before 20260925.100 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "1.0.0", "lessThan": "20260925.100", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1607Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.9612", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 1809Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.9376", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 21H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.19044.0 to before 10.0.19044.7807 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.19044.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19044.7807", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 10 Version 22H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.19045.0 to before 10.0.19045.7807 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.19045.0", "lessThan": "10.0.19045.7807", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 23H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.7652 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.7652", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 Version 23H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.7652 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.7652", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 Version 24H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.9711 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.9711", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 Version 25H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.26200.0 to before 10.0.26200.9711 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26200.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26200.9711", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 version 26H1Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.28000.0 to before 10.0.28000.3231 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.28000.0", "lessThan": "10.0.28000.3231", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows 11 Version 26H2Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.26300.0 to before 10.0.26300.9711 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26300.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26300.9711", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2Direct source scope

Affected: 6.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.23470 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.9600.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.23470", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 6.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.23470 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "6.3.9600.0", "lessThan": "6.3.9600.23470", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.9612", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.14393.0", "lessThan": "10.0.14393.9612", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.9376", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.17763.0", "lessThan": "10.0.17763.9376", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2022Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.5761 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.20348.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.5761", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2025Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.33650 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.33650", "versionType": "custom"}]

microsoft · source assertedMicrosoftWindows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)Direct source scope

Affected: 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.33650 (custom comparison)

Source-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Inspect raw assertion

[{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.33650", "versionType": "custom"}]

NVD · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope

Version bounds not stated

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:outlook_web:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

NVD · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope

Version bounds not stated

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*; end excluding 10.0.14393.9612

NVD · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope

Version bounds not stated

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*; end excluding 10.0.14393.9612

NVD · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope

Version bounds not stated

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*; end excluding 10.0.17763.9376

NVD · source assertedVendor unspecified by sourceProduct unspecified by sourceDirect source scope

Version bounds not stated

Scope supported

Inspect raw assertion

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*; end excluding 10.0.17763.9376

Affected-product evidence

Accepted scope and product mapping

0 canonical links · 2 source-reported links

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class: Direct cve affected
Assertions: 20
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Oct 22, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

00c42354-6c5d-4b9b-99fb-748ff66f59810ad70e27-c962-4819-9a78-9a9a473eee22138cb002-0ecd-4c59-a973-4284ac57edc91424b7fc-c118-4344-b5d8-99bc513423c525aab5a8-edb6-4a31-be77-f669db2d2654389916b5-c5a7-40a0-827a-3c37e3cc04196f17cb92-327e-491f-87ca-fb642f379b4580297eca-6575-411f-b6d0-c0ad06e43fb188066363-63c8-4ede-bee1-e37610533404882bd611-6127-4cf3-a7fe-f40be9fce221a526389b-6cd7-4c14-a331-f89dc9c15359b6bf785e-5f21-468d-b817-c1bb3c1eb5e8b81298fc-7b2b-4a58-bd13-0ebae97c87b6b9c06a25-19b5-4754-888d-30955ae84101cc2fc71e-88a6-4816-a360-a3f2a4b91995d9174a45-6b4a-4470-83a3-71a02c908900dd9e0ec1-06b2-4e87-bc67-f7f2cc6cb82af186efba-f9c1-4885-8061-14d1054c4a11fb31442d-3cf0-45fb-870e-9817dc87802cff08d0a0-2744-4c81-8760-ab931d08d982

Source-reported scopeSource-reported scope

Canonical linkage remains open; the cited source assertion is retained below.

Vendor specified only by source · Product specified only by source

Source class: Nvd cpe vulnerable target
Assertions: 26
Mapping revision: cpe23-exact-mapping-v1
Observed cutoff: Oct 22, 2026

Retained assertion IDs

082b6e68-c387-4f9e-8c36-023cecf00c8e21a26e81-e21f-40bb-b359-f2fd9d50837b258bb7b8-e1f4-4028-8bf2-58bdd9cbd59625ba6631-0a38-44be-9365-5719db7c5fe32ec61b7e-c6fa-465f-8882-0e6de383008a2f421ccd-c9f2-4386-a922-bff84d1422493182d838-a270-40b0-8cf4-548fa62a7d7c3d91bd75-5279-47fa-be90-a020130d7a494595f155-5c71-4392-a089-1bfee0799a8f5dab091c-778f-40dc-b966-f421fc42ee12702b9cf6-d38f-4be7-8cf3-8ff15022d525760f3201-3060-497b-a751-165cd4792e858588ae34-0951-43ff-9541-5b49b23b343e86f29123-39c4-447c-b232-b102ea50e71889d1bff9-0842-4c1e-86fa-e8783c8c830a943be543-4668-4b9b-b68c-96e34dd1d2b2abc201e9-5599-4815-98e7-f4bd2188800faef36f86-c166-489a-952d-67cd59c108b5b314f14d-09b7-4656-9035-9c21d27704d4b7ee155c-77df-4669-a2d0-df68bbd12cf2b9a05515-d3f9-467f-89c2-db03ece88cdec30ff162-8e04-4c32-9ade-5e03f88fb787d23f67ac-d4e8-4b60-b2f6-1cb9cb99066cd45b6fcc-58d5-4341-b401-691b760a1203d84e5aa0-55ef-4a73-9638-1cbfb959f8a5ddf76885-7e52-4168-a380-23c7354828e0

Assessments

CVSS by origin

8.8

secure@microsoft.comCVSS 3.1 · role Secondary · priority eligiblevalid_matchCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

8.8

microsoftCVSS 3.1 · role unknown · display onlyDirect record assessment retained outside normalized eligibilityCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Direct CVE/CNA normalized decisions

8.8Priority eligible

microsoft

CVSS 3.1 · Primary · Original assertion · rank 1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Validation: Valid match
Recomputed: 8.8
Decision reason: Evidence supported
Policy: casca-direct-cvss-eligibility-v1

Assessments are retained side by side under closed precedence. Cascade never averages CVSS.

Evidence boundaries

KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; remaining scope stays source-scoped.
NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative; independent corroboration requires a separately authored source.
Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.
OSV aggregation and OSV-converted NVD material are not independent corroboration.
Red Hat facts are vendor assertions for the exact supplied products.
Nonmembership and not-yet-observed states are not proof of safety.