CASCACascade Atlas

Evidence dossier

CVE-2023-28461

CVE-2023-28461

80.9–95.9Priority evidence range
As known Jul 19, 2026, 5:00 AM UTCgen-56ccdaf9

Normalized restatement

Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."

State
PUBLISHED
Published
Mar 15, 2023
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Evidence coverage
85%
CISA KEVCatalog member

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

FIRST EPSS67.64%

2026-07-18 · v2026.06.15 · percentile 99.2%

Source stateNo scored conflict

Distinct CVSS assessments remain side by side; none are averaged.

Source comparison

Who said what

CISA-ADPindependent enrichment
container

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

CVEderivative copy
container

CVE Program Container

mitreoriginal assertion
container

Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."

CISA KEVoriginal assertion
observed_exploitation

Array Networks AG and vxAG ArrayOS Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability

FIRST EPSSoriginal assertion
model_probability

Probability 0.676450000000; percentile 0.992360000000

Applicability

Cited product scope

Trace impact →
arraynetworksarrayos_ag
[{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.4.0.481"}]unknown
n/an/a
[{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]unknown
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000t:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1100v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1150:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500fips:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1600:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1600v5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:vxag:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*constrained
Unknown vendorUnknown product
cpe:2.3:o:arraynetworks:arrayos_ag:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*; end including 9.4.0.481supported

Assessments

CVSS by origin

9.8
nvd@nist.govCVSS 3.1 · role PrimaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0CVSS 3.1 · role SecondaryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8
CISA-ADPCVSS 3.1 · role unknownCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Limitations and unknowns

  • KEV membership is authoritative for the catalog, not proof of exposure in any environment.
  • EPSS is a dated model probability and not an individual-environment prediction.
  • Affected or fixed status applies only to the exact cited product and version scope; unresolved scope remains unknown.
  • NVD-carried upstream facts remain derivative and are not independent corroboration.
  • Only NVD metrics validated under the generation-bound calculator are Public Priority eligible; direct CVE record metrics remain display-only.
  • NVD CVSS source eligibility is closed: NVD-authored, exact record-source, or registered same-CVE container origin; unmapped sources remain display-only.
  • Factor D is unknown in Public Core because no accepted canonical mapping-obligation ledger is present.
  • Core replay supports the active and immediately prior generation; retrospective valid-at replay is deferred.